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General Studies – 1
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the reasons for the victory of U.S.A over Britain.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving the context of victory of U.S.A over Britain against the odds.
Body:
In brief, giving a contrast of the might of British empire and relative weaknesses of the Americans.
Next, in detail explain the reasons for the victory of U.S.A over the British. Nature of warfare, spirit of fighting, distance between England and America and involvement of foreign powers etc.
Next, analyse the impact of France and other Europeans in the American war of Independence.
Conclusion:
Pass a judgement if it was decisive in deciding the outcome of the conflict.
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Chapter 2, Part 4 – Jain and Mathur World History.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes of American civil war as to whether it was tussle for political power between the North and South or fought for the issue of slavery.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of American Civil war between northern states and southern states.
Body:
Mention the major various factors that caused the outbreak of American civil war. Examine whether the civil war was primarily a power conflict between the states or was fought for the issue of slavery? Give examples to substantiate your points.
Conclusion:
Pass a judgement regarding the primary cause of civil war.
Topic: Poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
Covid reinforces that good urbanisation is our most powerful technology for poverty reduction.
Key Demand of the question:
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining planned urbanisation.
Body:
In the first part, mention the impact of the pandemic on the urbanisation in the country – over stretched healthcare, disparities, lack of funds, urban poverty etc.
Mention the components which urbanisation should address in the aftermath of the pandemic – fight against poverty, inequality, unemployment, climate change and other pressing global challenges.
Conclusion:
Suggest a way forward to achieve it.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
As there are no laws on hate speech as such, India needs a political and pedagogical solution to the menace
Key Demand of the question:
To evaluate the impact of hate speech and the provisions to deal with it, if they are sufficient to tackle it.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning how democracy thrives on disagreements provided they do not cross the boundaries of civil discourse and constitutional has guaranteed fundamental rights for that.
Body:
In the first talk about speech which is contravention to the rights. Briefly mention various types of hate speech.
Next, bring out the legal Provisions to deal with Hate Speech in India – Constituional provisions, IPC, RPA act, 1951, CrPC and Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955. Evaluate if it is sufficient to tackle hate speech and write about the shortcomings of the above in tackling it and the impact of it.
Conclusion:
Suggest a way forward in order to prevent hate speech without stifling dissent.
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi attending the first-ever in-person summit of the four leaders of the Quadrilateral Framework (Quad) in the Indo-Pacific on Friday in Washington, in many ways, is the highlight of his visit to the U.S., where he will also address the United Nations General Assembly.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the opportunities and challenges for Quad in the light of recent developments.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about aims and objectives of Quad.
Body:
In the first part, highlight the recent geopolitical developments – withdrawal of U.S from Afghanistan, formation of AUKUS etc.
Mention, the opportunites for Quad – maritime security, cyber security and disaster response to connectivity and infrastructure, climate action, vaccine production, student mobility, resilient supply chains, combating disinformation and counter-terrorism etc.
Next, mention the challenges – Free and open Indo-Pacific, Countering COVID-19, formation of AUKUS, issue of Quad expansion and Chinese aggression etc.
Conclusion:
Write a way forward to overcome the above challenges and realise our collective goals.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The World Bank Group scrapped its flagship publication, the ‘Doing Business’ report.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the progress made with respect to Ease of Doing Business in India and further steps required to measure it.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin my writing Ease of Doing Business report of the world bank and its primary uses to investors.
Body:
Briefly, give context about the irregularities in the report and hence it was scrapped. Mention the major areas of progress India achieved with respect to Ease of Doing Business in past few years. Bring its benefits. Cite stats and facts to substantiate your point.
Next, write about further step that are required to improve the business climate in the Indian economy.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning that irrespective of the index or not, India should focus on simplifying and easing restrictions to have a conducive environment for doing business.
General Studies – 4
Topic: social influence and persuasion.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: A Practical approach to Ethics Integrity & Aptitude by DK Balaji
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how Persuasive communication leads to the change in the attitude.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by defining persuasion.
Body:
In detail, bring out the various components which are a part of the process to bring about the attitude change.
Source of the message (Person or institution): Credibility and Attractiveness.
Content of the message – Suggestion, Use of primacy and recency effect.
Receiver of the message – Influenceability, Selective attention and interpretation.
Substantiate with examples.
Write about the impediments to it and suggest steps to overcome them.
Conclusion:
Summarize the role of persuasion.
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