DAY – 36 ( INSTA REVISION TEST – 36)INSTA REVISION PLAN 2.0, 2021 – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: C

A mission called Hope, the Arab region’s first attempt to go interplanetary, is on its way to Mars. Hope blasted off from Japan’s Tanegashima Space Center.

Tanegashima Island is located in East China Sea.

Lesbos (also called Lesvos or Mitilini) is a Greek island in the northern Aegean Sea off the coast of Turkey.

The Chagos Archipelago or Chagos Islands are a group of seven atolls comprising more than 60 individual tropical islands in the Indian Ocean about 500 kilometres south of the Maldives archipelago.

Solution: D

Raqqa, also called Raqa, Rakka and ar-Raqqah, is a city in Syria on the northeast bank of the Euphrates River, about 160 kilometres east of Aleppo. It is located 40 kilometres east of the Tabqa Dam, Syria’s largest dam.

Al-Baghuz Fawqani is a town in Syria, located in Abu Kamal District, Deir ez-Zor. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Al-Baghuz Fawqani had a population of 10,649 in the 2004 census

Mosul is a major city in northern Iraq. Located approximately 400 km north of Baghdad, Mosul stands on the west bank of the Tigris, opposite the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh on the east bank.

Solution: C

Solution: D

Context: The Government has promulgated various laws/regulations from time to time to ensure that the rights and well-being of the Sentinelese are safeguarded.

Steps taken to ensure the protection of Sentinelese:

• The entire North Sentinel Island along with 5 km coastal sea from high water mark is notified as tribal reserve.
• The Government respects their way of life style, therefore, has adopted an ‘eyes-on and hands-off’ practice to protect and safeguard the Sentinelese tribe.
• A protocol of circumnavigation of the North Sentinel Island has been notified. The ships and aircrafts of Coast Guard and boats of Marine Police make sorties around North Sentinel to keep surveillance.

They have been protected under:

1. A &N Islands (PAT) Regulation 1956.
2. Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.
3. Restrictions under Foreigner (Restricted Area) Orders, 1963.
4. Visa Manual Conditions/Passport Act 1920, Indian Forest Act, 1927 and Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Who are the Sentinelese?

The Sentinelese are a negrito tribe who live on the North Sentinel Island of the Andamans. The inhabitants are connected to the Jarawa on the basis of physical, as well as linguistic similarities. Their numbers are believed to be less than 150 and as low as 40.

Based on carbon dating of kitchen middens by the Anthropological Survey of India, Sentinelese presence was confirmed in the islands to 2,000 years ago. Genome studies indicate that the Andaman tribes could have been on the islands even 30,000 years ago.

Solution: C

Lakshadweep is Muslim majority state in India with approximately 96.58 % of state population following Islam as their religion. Hinduism is second most popular religion in state of Lakshadweep with approximately 2.77 % following it. In Lakshadweep state, Christianity is followed by 0.49 %, Jainism by 0.02 %, Buddhism by 0.02 % and Sikhism by 0.01 %. Around 0.01 % stated ‘Other Religion’, approximately 0.10 % stated ‘No Particular Religion’.

Literacy rate in Lakshadweep has seen upward trend and is 91.85 percent as per 2011 population census. Of that, male literacy stands at 95.56 percent while female literacy is at 87.95 percent. In 2001, literacy rate in Lakshadweep stood at 86.66 percent of which male and female were 92.53 percent and 80.47 percent literate respectively.

Total area of Lakshadweep is 30 sq. km. Density of Lakshadweep is 2,149 per sq km which is higher than national average 382 per sq km. In 2001, density of Lakshadweep was 1,895 per sq km, while nation average in 2001 was 324 per sq km.

The total population of Lakshadweep as per the 2001 Census is 60,650. Of this, 57,321 persons (94.5 per cent) are Scheduled Tribes (STs). Among the states/UTs Lakshadweep has the highest proportion of ST population besides Mizoram.

Solution: B

An Ecotone describes an area that acts as a transition or boundary between two ecosystems. This could be, for example, an area of marshland between a river and the riverbank, a clearing within a forest or a much larger area such as the transition between Arctic Tundra and Forest biomes in Northern Siberia.

As this area is inevitably influenced by the two bordering ecosystems, it is therefore a consequence of this that a higher density of organisms and variety of species can be found within an Ecotone. This increase in biodiversity is referred to as the “edge effect”.

Solution: D

The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) is a statutory body set up by the Government of India under Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act, 1997. Hence Statement 1 is correct.

TRAI regulate telecom services, including fixation/revision of tariffs for telecom services which were earlier vested in the Central Government. Hence Statement 2 is correct.

The TRAI Act was amended by an ordinance, effective from 24 January 2000, establishing a Telecommunications Dispute Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) to take over the adjudicatory and disputes functions from TRAI.

TDSAT was set up to adjudicate any dispute between a licensor and a licensee, between two or more service providers, between a service provider and a group of consumers, and to hear and dispose of appeals against any direction, decision or order of TRAI. Hence Statement 3 is incorrect.

https://main.trai.gov.in/about-us/history

Solution: C

Department of Space and Atomic Energy comes directly under Prime Minister.

Department of defence comes under Ministry of Defence, which is in turn headed by Defence Minister.

Solution: D

A No-Confidence Motion need not state the reasons for its adoption in the Lok Sabha.

Adjournment Motion is introduced in the Parliament to draw attention of the House to a definite matter of urgent public importance and needs the support of 50 members to be admitted.

Solution: B

National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) was constituted under Section 410 of the ‘Companies Act, 2013’ for hearing appeals against the orders of National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT), with effect from 1st June, 2016. Hence Statement 1 is incorrect.

It is also the Appellate Tribunal for hearing appeals against the orders passed by NCLT(s) under Section 61 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC), with effect from 1st December, 2016.

It is also the Appellate Tribunal for hearing appeals against the orders passed by Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India under Section 202 and Section 211 of IBC. Hence Statement 2 is correct.

It is also the Appellate Tribunal to hear and dispose of appeals against any direction issued or decision made or order passed by the Competition Commission of India (CCI), as per the amendment brought to Section 410 of the Companies Act, 2013 by Section 172 of the Finance Act, 2017, with effect from 26th May, 2017.

Solution: C

Both the statements are correct.

The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Gibraltar and Peninsular Spain in Europe from Morocco in Africa. The two continents are separated by 14.3 kilometres of ocean at the Strait’s narrowest point.

The Strait of Hormuz is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean and is one of the world’s most strategically important choke points.

Solution: A

Operation ‘SAMADHAN’ is the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)’s to counter the Naxal problem.

Solution: A

National Afforestation Programme

The overall objective of the National Afforestation Programme (NAP) scheme is ecological restoration of degraded forests and to develop the forest resources with peoples’ participation.

The scheme is implemented by three tier institutional setup through the State Forest Development Agency (SFDA) at the state level, Forest Development Agency (FDA) at the forest division level and Joint Forest Management Committee (JFMCs) at village level.

The major components of the scheme includes afforestation under Seven plantation models, maintenance of previous years plantations and Ancillary Activities like soil and moisture conservation activities (SMC), fencing, overheads, micro-planning, awareness raising, Entry Point Activities (EPA) etc.

NAP is a centrally sponsored scheme which is implemented with the fund sharing pattern of 60: 40 percent between Centre and States wherein the sharing pattern for Northeastern and hilly States is 90:10. Hence Statement 2 is incorrect.

Solution: D

Global Climate Risk Index is annually published by environmental think tank Germanwatch.

Germanwatch, based in Bonn and Berlin (Germany), is an independent development and environmental organisation which works for sustainable global development.

Solution: A

A tiger corridor is a stretch of land linking tiger habitats, allowing movement of tigers, prey and other wildlife.

• Without corridors tiger habitat can become fragmented and tiger populations isolated leaving the tigers vulnerable to localised extinction.
• The corridors are operated under Tiger Conservation Plan.
• The plan is protected and implemented under section 38V of the Wildlife (Protection) act, 1972. Hence Statement 2 is incorrect.