Guyana and Venezuela – INSIGHTSIAS

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Mapping

Source: DTE

Context: Guyana and Venezuela are in conflict over the resource-rich Essequibo region, historically claimed by both nations.

The dispute intensified after Exxon Mobil’s 2015 oil discovery, leading to a Venezuelan referendum in December 2023, supporting Essequibo as a new province. Despite ICJ warnings, Venezuela proceeded. Guyana responded by raising its flag, alerting defence forces, and seeking international support.

India, with diasporic ties, supports Guyana; the US backs Guyana’s sovereignty, Brazil reinforces its border, and China calls for diplomacy.

 

About Esequiba

Guayana Esequiba is a disputed territory west of the Essequibo River, claimed by both Guyana and Venezuela. Guyana’s claim has been internationally accepted since the 1899 Paris Arbitral Award. The boundary dispute originated from colonial powers (Spain in the case of Venezuela, and the Netherlands and the United Kingdom in the case of Guyana) and persisted after the independence of Venezuela and Guyana.

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