[MISSION 2022] SECURE 2022 : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 24 September 2021 – INSIGHTSIAS

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.

1. Confluence of several factors in Britain in the mid-18th century created the right atmosphere for the rise of Industrial revolution. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about reasons for rise of Industrial revolution in England.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by defining Industrial Revolution.

Body:

In detail, write about the reasons for rise of Industrial revolution in England – Agricultural changes, Population boom, Economic innovations, New ideas and a scientific viewpoint, Transportation foundations, Natural resources, supportive government and numerous colonies .

Conclusion:

Summarize how all the above factors converged to start the revolution in England.

 

Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.

2. Although there were several positives to the Industrial Revolution there were also many negative elements. Examine. Also, write about how did the Industrial Revolution impact India? (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the positive and negative impact of Industrial revolution as well as its impact on India.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start the answer by mentioning the manifold of major changes brought on Industrial revolution.

Body:

In the first part mention the positive impact of Industrial revolution – Growth of modern Industry, emergence of cities, new capitalistic class, improvement in lifestyle, technological innovations etc.

Next, mention the negative impact of IR – poor working conditions, poor living conditions, low wages, child labor, Luddite movement and pollution. 

Next, in detail, write about how IR in Britain impact the Indian colony.

Conclusion:

Summarise the overall impact of Industrial revolution.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.

3. Standing committees form an integral part of Parliament’s role in the debate. But off late their role has been diminishing and this calls for an introspection, in order to utilise the full potential of these ‘mini-Parliaments’ as a deliberative and consensus building body. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

Ahead of the reconstitution of the 24 Department-Related Standing Committees (DRSC), Rajya Sabha Chairman M. Venkaiah Naidu sent a detailed record of participation by the members in committee meetings over the past year to the political parties, calling them to nominate members only based on their participation and interest.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the importance of standing committees, the decline in their performance and steps need to utilise their full potential.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by write about standing committees, their mandate and their functioning.

Body:

In the first part of the body, write about the importance of the standing committees – discuss laws and policies by analysing them in-depth, non-partisanship, track government expenditure, scrutinise policies and bills and seek expert advice, consensus-building among parties etc.

Next, write about their diminished role – reduced sitting, pandemic, less attendance, partisanship etc – cite stats to substantiate your points.

Suggest steps to utilise their full potential.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 

Topic: Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures

4. Implementation of e-governance in local governments will not only improve service delivery at the local level but also takes us a step closer towards achieving broader socio-economic goals. Elaborate. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

As India grows more urban, the importance of effective governance and service delivery by city governments becomes central to the well-being of Indians.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the benefits of e-governance at local level with respect to service delivery and achieving socio-economic goals.

Directive word: 

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by defining e-governance.

Body:

In the first part, address the how e-governance improves service delivery – give examples from across the country.

Next, link e-governance with achieving broader socio-economic goals like – poverty alleviation, equity, security and sustainable development etc.

Conclusion:

Write a way forward how local governments can move towards e-governance.

 

Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations.

5. The Afghan crisis can be a fatal blow to an already moribund SAARC. Do you think India should consider an alternative approach to augment south Asian cooperation sans Pakistan and Afghanistan? Comment.  (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

A meeting of foreign ministers from the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries, which was set to be held in New York on Saturday, has been cancelled. Sources report that the member states were unable to agree upon the participation of Afghanistan, with Pakistan and India in particular at loggerheads over the issue.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the potential ramifications of recent geo-political changes on SAARC and to comment on potential point of achieving south Asian solidarity without Pakistan.

Directive word: 

Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context of recent cancellation of SAARC FM meet.

Body:

In the first part, bring out the current uncertainties which forebode a bleak future for SAARC – Crisis in Afghanistan, Myanmar, Indo-Pak equation, Covid crisis etc.

Next, mention as to why India should take the lead in considering alternative. It will ensure integrated, connected, secure and prosperous South Asia, and lead economic, technological, cultural, and social development’ of the region.

Next, deliberate as to whether reviving SAARC will be in India’s interest?

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward and diplomatic steps needed to achieve south Asian solidarity.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

6. Enumerate the policy measures taken in India to tackle air pollution. With the World Health Organisation (WHO) releasing updated air pollution standards, analyse the further steps that are required to improve the quality of air. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Live MintDown to Earth

Why the question:

The WHO has updated global air pollution standards, a first since 2005. The update, in most instances, reduces the maximum permissible limits for several classes of pollutants from nitrous oxide to particulate matter (PM).

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the steps taken so far to tackle air pollution and suggest further steps to improve the quality of air on the basis recent recommendations by WHO.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin the answer by giving air pollution statistics in India.

Body:

In brief, write about the impact of air pollution in India.

Next, write about the various policy measures like Air Pollution Act, National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), Commission for Air Quality Management, Graded Response Action Plan, National Ambient Air Quality Standard etc.

Next, write about the recent updated global air pollution standards by WHO. Mention the steps that India must ensure to conform with those and further improve the quality of air.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward

 


General Studies -4


 

Topic: Case Study.

7. As part of your probationary training of IPS, you’re posted as the SHO of a town notorious for drug menace. The drug trade is quite widespread and has majorly affected the youth. The drug dealing happens in a lot of areas and there is shortage of police personnel to control it. The police do prevent some crimes and make some arrests but are over-burdened immensely.

Not only is the drug menace gripping the city, there are often violent clashes among rival gangs which cause a lot of bloodshed. The widespread network of drug peddlers often harasses common citizens and local businesses alike. Many have chosen to either leave town or shut businesses.

There is a lot of pressure on the administration to control the menace as it is slowly choking the town. The local MLA calls for meeting and proposes a radical plan to tackle the problem. MLA says the police to issue an “unofficial” diktat that all drug related activities to be moved an abandoned area. In this designated area, they could conduct the illicit activities and asks you to turn a blind eye as long as they do not indulge in violence.

It’s nothing short of legalizing drugs which allows a free pass for drug peddling in that abandoned area. When you try to reason with the MLA against this, he responds that in any case the drug trade cannot stopped but with this plan they can regulate it. This will reduce the bloodshed considerably and put a stop to harassment of common people altogether and normal businesses of town can function normally.

The social workers present at the meeting says this plan may help them narrow down and identify addicts, pass information regarding safe use of syringes to prevent HIV and convince them to join rehabilitation program. This was not possible earlier as the peddling was widespread.

You are still not convinced with the plan and further reason with the MLA but he sternly reminds you that he is an MLA of the ruling party and you’re just a probationer yet.

What will be your course of action? Justify. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Case Study Fridays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Introduction:

Begin by laying out the context of the case study and evil of drug menace.

Body:

Note down all the relevant stakeholders and ethical issues in the case study.

Mention about the possible courses of action such as starting from accepting the radical plan in its entirety to totally rejecting. Analyse the pros and cons of such actions.

Then mention the course of action you would take which is ethically as well as legally justified but also solves the issue of drug menace. Analyse its pros and cons. Also, mention how you will tackle any ramifications emerging out of it.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarizing the morally justified solution and positive way forward.


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