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Question 1 of 5
- Which of the following is/are major Buddhist sites in the Indian subcontinent which were either associated with Buddha’s life or contain major Buddhist inscriptions/sculptures/caves?
- Amaravati
- Karle
- Junnar
- Nagarjunakonda
Select the correct answer code:
CorrectSolution: d)
Amaravati and Nagarjunakonda are prominent historic Buddhist sites located in Andhra Pradesh.
Junnar and Karle caves represent Buddhist caves.
IncorrectSolution: d)
Amaravati and Nagarjunakonda are prominent historic Buddhist sites located in Andhra Pradesh.
Junnar and Karle caves represent Buddhist caves.
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Question 2 of 5
Which of the following were some of the chief characteristics of the Vijayanagara temple architecture?
- Tall gopurams
- Kalyanamandapam with pillars
- Absence of sculptures on pillars
Select the correct answer code:
CorrectSolution: a)
Large temples have tall Rayagopuram built with wood, brick and stucco in Chola style. The term Raya is added to indicate a gopura built by Vijayanagar Rayas.
We can find ornate pillared Kalyanamantapa in Cheluva Narayana temple, Melkote
Temple pillars often have engravings of charging horses or hippogryphs (Yali) — horses standing on hind legs with their fore legs lifted and riders on their backs.
IncorrectSolution: a)
Large temples have tall Rayagopuram built with wood, brick and stucco in Chola style. The term Raya is added to indicate a gopura built by Vijayanagar Rayas.
We can find ornate pillared Kalyanamantapa in Cheluva Narayana temple, Melkote
Temple pillars often have engravings of charging horses or hippogryphs (Yali) — horses standing on hind legs with their fore legs lifted and riders on their backs.
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Question 3 of 5
Consider the following statements regarding Mahayana Buddhism.
- The Mahayana followers oppose idol or image worship of Buddha.
- The concept of Bodhisattva is the result of Mahayana Buddhism.
- The Mahayana scholars predominantly used Sanskrit as a language.
- Emperor Ashoka patronised Mahayana school.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
CorrectSolution: b)
Mahayana Buddhism:
- It means the greater vehicle.
- The school is more liberal and believes in the heavenliness of Buddha and Bodhisattvas embodying Buddha Nature. The ultimate goal under Mahayana is “spiritual upliftment”.
- The Mahayana followers believe in idol or image worship of Buddha.
- The concept of Bodhisattva is the result of Mahayana Buddhism. Mahayana is also called “Bodhisattvayana”, or the “Bodhisattva Vehicle. That is to say, the followers believe in Bodhisattva concept of salvation of all conscious individual.
- In other words, they believe in universal liberation from suffering of all beings.
- A bodhisattva seeks complete enlightenment for the benefit of all beings. A bodhisattva who has accomplished this goal is called a Samyaksaṃbuddha.
- Prominent Mahayana texts include Lotus Sutra, Mahavamsa, etc.
- The Mahayana scholars predominantly used Sanskrit as a language.
Emperor Ashoka patronised Hinayana sect as Mahayana school came into being much later.
IncorrectSolution: b)
Mahayana Buddhism:
- It means the greater vehicle.
- The school is more liberal and believes in the heavenliness of Buddha and Bodhisattvas embodying Buddha Nature. The ultimate goal under Mahayana is “spiritual upliftment”.
- The Mahayana followers believe in idol or image worship of Buddha.
- The concept of Bodhisattva is the result of Mahayana Buddhism. Mahayana is also called “Bodhisattvayana”, or the “Bodhisattva Vehicle. That is to say, the followers believe in Bodhisattva concept of salvation of all conscious individual.
- In other words, they believe in universal liberation from suffering of all beings.
- A bodhisattva seeks complete enlightenment for the benefit of all beings. A bodhisattva who has accomplished this goal is called a Samyaksaṃbuddha.
- Prominent Mahayana texts include Lotus Sutra, Mahavamsa, etc.
- The Mahayana scholars predominantly used Sanskrit as a language.
Emperor Ashoka patronised Hinayana sect as Mahayana school came into being much later.
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Question 4 of 5
Consider the following statements regarding sects of Jainism.
- Bispanthi and Terapanthi are sub sects under Svetambara School.
- Terapanthi pray to saints rather than to an idol in a temple.
- Sthanakavasi is a sub sect under Digambara School.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
CorrectSolution: b)
Svetambara School: Its three sub-sects include:
- Sthanakavasi: They believe in praying to Saints rather than to an idol in a temple. The saints wear a muhapatti near their mouth to cover it unlike Murtipujakas.
- Murtipujaka (Deravasi): They keep idols of the tirthankaras at their temples and worship them and the saints do not wear a muhapatti.
- Terapanthi: They pray to saints rather than to an idol in a temple, like Sthanakavasi. Terapanthi saints also wear a muhapatti near their mouth to cover it.
Digambara School: It has two major sub sects:
- MulaSangh: the original community
- Bispanthi, Terapanthi and Taranpanthi: the modern Community
IncorrectSolution: b)
Svetambara School: Its three sub-sects include:
- Sthanakavasi: They believe in praying to Saints rather than to an idol in a temple. The saints wear a muhapatti near their mouth to cover it unlike Murtipujakas.
- Murtipujaka (Deravasi): They keep idols of the tirthankaras at their temples and worship them and the saints do not wear a muhapatti.
- Terapanthi: They pray to saints rather than to an idol in a temple, like Sthanakavasi. Terapanthi saints also wear a muhapatti near their mouth to cover it.
Digambara School: It has two major sub sects:
- MulaSangh: the original community
- Bispanthi, Terapanthi and Taranpanthi: the modern Community
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Question 5 of 5
Consider the following statements regarding Charvaka School of Philosophy/ Lokayata School of Philosophy.
- Brihaspati laid the foundation stone for Charvaka School of Philosophy.
- According to this philosophy, Man is the centre of all activities and he should enjoy himself as long as he lives.
- It argued for a complete disregard of any world beyond this world that was inhabited by a person.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
CorrectSolution: d)
Brihaspati laid the foundation stone for Charvaka School of Philosophy and it was supposed to be one of the earliest schools that developed a philosophical theory.
The word ‘Lokayata’ also meant a keen attachment to the physical and material world (loka).
They argued for a complete disregard of any world beyond this world that was inhabited by a person.
They argued against Gods and their representatives on the earth – the priestly class. They argued that a Brahman manufactures false rituals so as to acquire gifts (dakshina) from the followers.
Man is the centre of all activities and he should enjoy himself as long as he lives. He should consume all earthly goods and indulge in sensual pleasure.
IncorrectSolution: d)
Brihaspati laid the foundation stone for Charvaka School of Philosophy and it was supposed to be one of the earliest schools that developed a philosophical theory.
The word ‘Lokayata’ also meant a keen attachment to the physical and material world (loka).
They argued for a complete disregard of any world beyond this world that was inhabited by a person.
They argued against Gods and their representatives on the earth – the priestly class. They argued that a Brahman manufactures false rituals so as to acquire gifts (dakshina) from the followers.
Man is the centre of all activities and he should enjoy himself as long as he lives. He should consume all earthly goods and indulge in sensual pleasure.
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