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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
1. Examine the causes and consequences of Vijayanagara-Bahamani conflict. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about causes and consequences of Vijaynagara-Bahamani conflict.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of the contemporary rise of Vijayanagara empire and Bahamani kingdom.
Body:
First, write about the various causes behind the Vijayanagara-Bahamani conflict – imperial ambitions, economic considerations, control over trade, mutual animosity etc.
Next, write about consequences of the conflict – long drawn out, wars of attrition, drain on economic resources etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
2. Depleting and decreasing status of water resources may be one of the most critical resource issues of the 21st century. Critically analyse the issues and challenges in interlinking of rivers in India as a measure to overcome water crisis. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
Environmental groups in Karnataka have criticised the project to link the Bedti and Varada rivers in Karnataka, calling it ‘unscientific’ and a ‘waste of public money’. Thousands of people had protested the project June 14, 2022.
Key Demand of the question:
To analyse if interlinking of river in India is a sustainable water management practice.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the growing water crisis in the country and its impact.
Next, write about the National River Linking Project (NRLP) formally known as the National Perspective Plan, envisages the transfer of water from water ‘surplus’ basins where there is flooding, to water ‘deficit’ basins where there is drought/scarcity, through inter-basin water transfer projects.
Briefly present the history behind River Interlinking in the country. Present the scope of the project and then critically evaluate the concerns posed by it as well as its benefits.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a fair and balanced opinion.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
3. How does infrastructure play a role in transformation of economy leading to economic development? Discuss the policies of the government aimed at providing major infrastructural push in the recent years. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
India’s march towards a $5 trillion economy hinges on infrastructure. India should have a truly robust system of monitoring projects that’s fed with timely and useful data
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of infra in the economy and recent steps to promote infra.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving defining the role of infrastructure in development.
Body:
First, write about the role of infra in development – it takes economy away from low-productivity agriculture and towards higher productivity manufacturing and services. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Next, write about major infrastructural push provided by the government in the recent years – National Monetisation Pipeline, Gati Shakti scheme etc. Also, mention their objectives, pros and cons.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the importance of infra.
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
4. The BRICS are at a turbulent crossroads as renewed great power competition intersects with countervailing tendencies in the emerging multipolar arena. Analyse. What course corrections are required to ensure deeper collaboration among the BRICS nations? (250 words)
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
Russia’s conflict with Ukraine has complicated the agenda of the two-day BRICS summit that begins on Thursday.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the issues among the BRICS countries in the present day and measures needed to overcome them.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving aims and objectives of BRICS.
Body:
In the first part, write about the various issues among the BRICS member countries which has brough them at a crossroad. Mention the current limitations of the BRICS bloc and hindrances to achieve its potential.
Next, mention the course corrections that are required – the role of trade and connectivity that can lead to collective economic benefits to the BRICS countries especially in the face of global economic turmoil, political consultation, deeper engagement over key areas etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward and diplomatic steps needed to be taken in this regard.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
5. What is depreciation of Indian rupee? Examine the factors behind its recent depreciation and its impact on the economy in general. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Indian currency is facing one of the toughest fights of its life. In the crosshairs of a triple-barrelled gun of capital outflows, higher crude oil prices and widening.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes for depreciation of rupee, its impact and measures needed to counter it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by explaining the concept of depreciation of rupee.
Body:
First, write about the causes behind the recent depreciation – rising interest rates in USA, flight of capital has taken place from developing countries like India, portfolio investors tend to withdraw from these markets, Increasing crude oil prices and Ukraine crisis etc.
Next, discuss the impact of falling rupee value on inflation, cad, price of essential imports etc.
Next, write about the various steps that are required to counter it.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
6. Nuclear energy is proven, scalable and reliable, and its expanded use will be essential for many countries to achieve their decarbonization goals. Do you think its benefits outweigh the risks posed by it? Comment. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint , Insights on India
Why the question:
As energy security becomes a growing source of angst, it’s clear that large-scale reliable use of renewable resources remain a distant reality in many countries. That has given a controversial but almost perfect alternative a comeback chance: nuclear.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about potential and limitations of nuclear energy in India.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with prospects of Nuclear energy in general.
Body:
First, write about the potential of nuclear energy in India and India’s progress so far with respect to it as well its role in energy security of India.
Next, write about risks associated with nuclear energy and highlight with examples why we shouldn’t depend completely on nuclear. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced opinion about nuclear energy.
General Studies – 4
Topic: moral and political attitudes.
7. ‘Majoritarian views and popular morality cannot dictate constitutional rights’. Discuss. (150 words)
Difficulty level: Tough
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by elaborating on the concept of popular morality.
Body:
Write about aspects such as what is accepted within the realms of popular morality, is it static and based on cultural notions and dictums. Cite examples
Influence of popular morality on constitutional rights – both positive and negative impact – substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stating that popular morality must be in consonance with constitutional rights.
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