[Mission 2023] Insta– QUED ( Questions from Editorials ) 20 June 2022 – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: b)

Financial Action Task Force (FATF):

• An inter-governmental body established in 1989 during the G7 Summit in Paris.
• It assesses the strength of a country’s anti-money laundering and anti-terror financing frameworks.
• It sets standards and promote effective implementation of legal, regulatory and operational measures for combating money laundering, terrorist financing and other related threats to the integrity of the international financial system.
• Its Secretariat is located at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) headquarters in Paris.
• The FATF currently has 39 members including two regional organizations – the European Commission and Gulf Cooperation Council.
• India is a member of the FATF.

Solution: b)

• Countries considered as safe haven for supporting terror funding and money laundering are put in the FATF grey list.
• While the words ‘grey’ and ‘black’ list do not exist in the official FATF lexicon, they designate countries that need to work on complying with FATF directives and those who are non-compliant, respectively.
• At the end of every plenary meeting, FATF comes out with two lists of countries.
• The grey countries are designated as “jurisdictions under increased monitoring”, working with the FATF to counter criminal financial activities. For such countries, the watchdog does not tell other members to carry out due-diligence measures vis-a-vis the listed country but does tell them to consider the risks such countries possess. Currently, 23 countries including Pakistan are on the grey list.

Source

Solution: c)

H1N1 Virus (Swine flu):

• Swine flu is a highly contagious respiratory disease in pigs caused by one of several swine influenza A viruses.
• Transmission of swine influenza viruses to humans is uncommon. However, the swine influenza virus can be transmitted to humans via contact with infected pigs or environments contaminated with swine influenza viruses.
• Symptoms: cough, fever, sore throat, stuffy or runny nose, headache, body ache etc.
• Sub-types are based on: The host of the origin, Geographical origin, Strain in number, Year of isolation etc.

Diagnosis and treatment:

• The Centre for Disease Control and Prevention recommend real-time polymerase chain reaction as the method of choice for diagnosing H1N1.
• Antiviral drugs are the mainstay of clinical treatment of swine influenza and can make the illness milder and enable the patient to feel better faster.

Solution: d)

National Family Health Survey (NFHS)

It is a large-scale, multi-round survey conducted in a representative sample of households throughout India.

It comprises detailed information on key domains:

• population
• Health
• Family Welfare
• Associated domains:
• Characteristics of the population
• Fertility
• Family planning
• Infant and Child mortality
• Maternal and Child health
• Nutrition and Anemia
• Morbidity and Healthcare
• Women’s Empowerment etc.

The scope of NFHS-5 was expanded by adding new dimensions in the earlier round of the survey (NFHS-4) such as:

• Death registration
• Pre-school education
• Expanded domains of child immunization
• Components of micro-nutrients to children
• Menstrual hygiene
• Frequency of alcohol and tobacco use
• Additional components of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
• Expanded age range for measuring hypertension
• Diabetes among all aged 15 years and above.

Solution: b)

P-notes are issued by registered foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) to overseas investors who wish to be part of the Indian stock market without registering themselves directly. They, however, need to go through a due diligence process.

SEBI has put in place a strong regulatory framework with stringent KYC norms for the FPIs.

P-Notes account for less than 2 per cent under the FPI investments in India.