[MISSION 2022] SECURE 2022 : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 22 May 2022 – INSIGHTSIAS

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.

1.  The Vijayanagara architectural style is a combination of the Chalukya, Hoysala, Pandya and Chola styles which evolved earlier in the centuries and is characterised by a return to the simplistic and serene art of the past. Comment. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate.

Reference: Insights on India

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the influences on Vijayanagar architecture and its nature.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.

Directive word: 

Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by mentioning the Vijayanagar rulers were great patrons of art and architecture.

Body:

First, Mention the various features of Vijayanagar architecture and their progress – Vijayanagar temples are surrounded by strong enclosures and characterized by ornate pillared kalyanamandapa (marriage halls); tall rayagopurams (carved monumental towers at the entrance of the temple) built of wood, brick, and stucco in the Chola style; and adorned with life-sized figures of gods and goddesses.

Next, write about the unique features of Vijayanagar architecture and other influences on it such as Portuguese and Islamic influences.

Conclusion:

Conclude by commenting on the overall nature of architecture of Vijayanagar.

 

Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.

2. Explain the primary and secondary factors responsible for the formation of ocean currents. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.

Key Demand of the question:

To bring out the factors responsible for formation and movement of ocean current.

Directive word:

Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Begin by defining ocean currents.

Body:

Draw a small illustrative diagram showing major ocean currents.

Mention primary and secondary factors responsible for their formation – insolation, atmospheric circulations, gravity and the effect of Coriolis force, Temperature and salinity differences and water density etc.

Conclusion:

Summarize the importance of Ocean currents.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.

3. QUAD has become the focus of many initiatives between the four countries as they seek to keep the Indo-Pacific region free and open. Will conflicts outside the Indo-Pacific region, threaten the solidarity of the QUAD? Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday evening left for Japan on a two-day visit to attend a summit of the Quad leaders which is aimed at further bolstering cooperation among the member nations of the influential grouping and discussing developments in the Indo-Pacific region.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the various initiatives of QUAD and impact of various geopolitical conflicts on QUAD.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by writing about aims and objectives of Quad.

Body:

In the first part, Mention, the initiatives of Quad – maritime security, cyber security and disaster response to connectivity and infrastructure, climate action, vaccine production, student mobility, resilient supply chains, combating disinformation and counter-terrorism etc.

Next, mention the challenges – Ukraine crisis, withdrawal of U.S from Afghanistan, formation of AUKUS, Free and open Indo-Pacific, formation of AUKUS, issue of Quad expansion and Chinese aggression etc.

Conclusion:

Write a way forward to overcome the above challenges and realise their collective goals.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment

4. What do you understand by middle-income trap? How can India avoid this trap to ensure equitable and continuous growth? (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

A few years ago, a top economist from EAC-PM also flagged the issue when he pointed out that India’s growth was mostly driven by the demand generated by 100 million people at the top of the socio-economic ladder, and that demand had begun to reach a saturation point. He had warned that if the situation does not improve, India may fall into the middle-income trap.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about middle-income trap and ways to avoid it.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining middle income trap.

Body:

First, mention the various facets of middle-income trap and substantiate with facts and figures regarding it. Cite some examples of countries facing middle income trap.

Next, write about the various measures that can be taken to avoid the middle-income trap,

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 

Topic: Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping;

5. Due to the lack of a coherent policy on food security, India not only faces threat of food shortage but also ends up affecting its agricultural exports. Examine. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: The Hindu , The Hindu

Why the question:

India, which surprised the world with its decision to bar wheat export with immediate effect, appears to be on the defensive now after its May 13 announcement.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the impacts of lack of a policy on food security.

Directive word:

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by key facts relevant to the context of the question.

Body:

First, write about reasons for despite being self-sufficient in food production, India faces problems of hunger and food insecurity.

Next, write about the impact of lack of a coherent policy on food security.

Next, mention the various measures that are needed to be taken in this regard.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

 

Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

6.  Biodiversity underpins current and future human health, well-being and economic prosperity. Yet it is being destroyed at an unprecedented and accelerating rate. Discuss ‘nature-based solutions’ to conserve biodiversity. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

International Day of Biodiversity was celebrated on May 22. It gave us an opportunity to appreciate the wonder of biodiversity and renew our commitment to nurture and protect all the many forms of life with which we share our planet.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the importance of biodiversity, threats to it and nature based solutions to conserve it.

Directive word:

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining biodiversity.

Body:

First, write about the reasons as to why Biodiversity is important to humans. Economic—biodiversity provides humans with raw materials for consumption and production, Ecological life support, Recreation—many recreational pursuits rely on our unique biodiversity, Cultural and scientific. Bring out the link of biodiversity and many livelihoods – such as those of farmers, fishers and timber workers, are dependent on biodiversity. Give specific examples.

Next, present the threats and destruction faced by biodiversity. Substantiate with examples and statistics.

Next, discuss ‘nature-based solutions’ as a measure to conserve biodiversity and its importance.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

 


General Studies – 4


 

Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.

7. In ethical decision making the three basic principles of intuitionism, moral idealism and utilitarianism can be used for resolution of problem. Comment. (150 word)

Difficulty level: Tough

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the role of intuitionism, moral idealism and utilitarianism in ethical decision making.

Directive:

Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Start by explaining ethical decision making.

Body:

First, write about intuitionism in ethical decision making – decision maker’s ability to perceive a moral issue that is provided by knowledge stored in long-term memory.

Next, write about moral idealism in ethical decision making – judgments based on ethical principles and that the right actions will lead to expected results.

Next, write about utilitarianism in ethical decision making – maximum good for the maximum people.

Conclusion:

Comment with a balanced opinion regarding ethical decision making.


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