[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS (20 May 2022 ) REVISION THROUGH MCQS – INSIGHTSIAS

Ans: (b)

Explanation: About Puri Jagannath Temple:

• It is an important Vaishnavite temple dedicated to Jagannath, a form of Sri Krishna in Puri in Odisha.
• The temple is believed to have been constructed in the 12th century by King Anatavarman Chodaganga Deva of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty.
• Jagannath Puri temple is called ‘Yamanika Tirtha’ where, according to the Hindu beliefs, the power of ‘Yama’, the god of death has been nullified in Puri due to the presence of Lord Jagannath.
• The Puri temple is famous for its annual Ratha Yatra, or chariot festival, in which the three principal deities are pulled on huge and elaborately decorated temple cars.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/20/what-is-the-puri-heritage-corridor-2/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Currently, the law prescribes that the minimum age of marriage is 21 and 18 years for men and women, respectively.
• The minimum age of marriage is distinct from the age of majority, which is gender-neutral.
• An individual attains the age of majority at 18 as per the Indian Majority Act, 1875.
• For Hindus, Section 5(iii) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955sets 18 years as the minimum age for the bride and 21 years as the minimum age for the groom. Child marriages are not illegal but can be declared void at the request of the minor in the marriage.
• In Islam, the marriage of a minor who has attained puberty is considered valid under personal law.
• The Special Marriage Act, 1954and the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 also prescribe 18 and 21 years as the minimum age of consent for marriage for women and men respectively.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/20/raising-marriage-age-of-women/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The GST council is the key decision-making body that will take all important decisions regarding the GST.
• Article 279A (4) specifies that the Council will make recommendations to the Union and the States on the important issues related to GST, such as, the goods and services will be subject or exempted from the Goods and Services Tax.
• It was introduced by the Constitution (One Hundred and First Amendment) Act, 2016.
• The GST Council is chaired by the Union Finance Minister and other members are the Union State Minister of Revenue or Finance and Ministers in-charge of Finance or Taxation of all the States.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/20/225725/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: Pangong Tsois strategically crucial as it is very close to Chusul Valley, which was one of the battlefronts between India and China during the 1962 war.
• S2: It is formed from Tethys geosyncline.
• S3: It is a salt water lake.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/20/pangong-lake-in-ladakh/

Ans: (a)

Explanation: About NDB:

• It is a multilateral development bank operated by the BRICSstates (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa).
• It was agreed to by BRICS leaders at the 5th BRICS summit held in Durban, South Africa in 2013.
• It was launched in 2015, at the 6th BRICS Summit at Fortaleza, Brazil.
• The bank is set up to foster greater financial and development cooperation among the five emerging markets.
• Headquarteredin Shanghai, China.
• In 2018, the NDB received observer status in the United Nations General Assembly,establishing a firm basis for active and fruitful cooperation with the UN.
• Voting:
  • Unlike the World Bank, which assigns votes based on capital share, in the New Development Bank each participant country will be assigned one vote, and none of the countries will have veto power.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/20/new-development-bank-ndb-2/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Constituted by the ‘Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
• Its role is to advise the Government on measures needed to build a strong ecosystem for nurturing innovation and startups in the country to drive sustainable economic growth and generate large scale employment opportunities.
• The National Startup Advisory Council will be chaired by the Minster for Commerce & Industry.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/20/mission-2022-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-20-may-2022/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1 and S2 have been interchanged. Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects that reside in the real-world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information. So, S3 is also correct. Virtual Reality (VR) is the use of computer technology to create a simulated environment. Unlike traditional user interfaces, VR places the user inside an experience. Instead of viewing a screen in front of them, users are immersed and able to interact with 3D worlds. So, S4 is correct.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2019

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Option A incorrect since it is difficult to envisage how this can be achieved because it is one thing to create an artificial chromosome and quite another to to make it functional. Option B is Artificial Gene Synthesis whereas Option D is Plant and Animal Tissue Culture Technology. Option C is Cloning.
• S2: Artificial gene synthesis, sometimes known as DNA printing is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2019

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Statement 3 is absurd. Rest of them are correct.
• S1: RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression or translation.
• S2: Since the discovery of RNAi and its regulatory potentials, it has become evident that RNAi has immense potential in suppression of desired genes (gene silencing).
• Numerous studies have demonstrated that RNAi can provide a more specific approach to inhibit tumor growth by targeting cancer-related genes (i.e., oncogene).
• S4:RNAi has resulted in the invention of novel crops such as nicotine-free tobacco, decaffeinated coffee, nutrient fortified vegetation, and hypoallergenic crops. The genetically-engineered Arctic apples received FDA approval in 2015.
  • While it was known that plants expressing virus-specific proteins showed enhanced tolerance or resistance to viral infection, it was not expected that plants carrying only short, non-coding regions of viral RNA sequences would show similar levels of protection. Researchers believed that viral RNA produced by transgenes could also inhibit viral replication.
  • The reverse experiment, in which short sequences of plant genes were introduced into viruses, showed that the targeted gene was suppressed in an infected plant. This phenomenon was labeled “virus-induced gene silencing” (VIGS), and the set of such phenomena were collectively called post transcriptional gene silencing.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2019