[Mission 2022] Insta– QUED ( Questions from Editorials ) 18 May 2022 – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: b)

United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation:

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention on 20th December 2018 and it was opened for signature on 7th August 2019 in Singapore.

It is also known as the Singapore Convention on Mediation and also the first UN treaty to be named after Singapore.

Key Features of the Convention:

• Applicability: The Convention will apply to international commercial settlement agreements resulting from mediation.
• Non- applicability: It will not apply to international settlement agreements that are concluded in the course of judicial or arbitral proceedings and which are enforceable as a court judgment or arbitral award. It will also not apply to settlement agreements concluded for personal, family or household purposes by one of the parties (a consumer), as well as settlement agreements relating to family, inheritance or employment law.

Solution: c)

It is the Speaker who decides the date for the election of the Deputy Speaker.

The Deputy Speaker is independent of the Speaker, not subordinate to him, as both are elected from among the members of the House.

The Deputy Speaker ensures the continuity of the Speakers office by acting as the Speaker when the office becomes vacant. In addition, when a resolution for removal of the Speaker is up for discussion, the Constitution specifies that the Deputy Speaker presides over the proceedings of the House.

Solution: d)

Tax revenue is charged on income earned by an individual or an entity (direct tax) and on the value of transaction of goods and services (indirect tax). On the other hand, non-tax revenue is charged against services provided by the government. It also includes interest charged on loans advanced by the government for various purposes.

Solution: c)

What is Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005?

It is an act to provide for more effective protection of the rights of Women guaranteed under the Constitution who are victims of violence of any kind occurring within the family and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

• It is the first significant attempt in India to recognise domestic abuse as a punishable offence, to extend its provisions to those in live-in relationships, and to provide for emergency relief for the victims, in addition to legal recourse.
• The Act provides a definition of “domestic violence” for the first time in Indian law, with this definition being broad and including not only physical violence, but also other forms of violence such as emotional/verbal, sexual, and economic abuse.
• It is a civil law meant primarily for protection orders, rather than criminal enforcement.

Solution: c)

Specialized agencies are autonomous organizations working with the United Nations.

Specialized agencies may or may not have been originally created by the United Nations, but they are incorporated into the United Nations System by the United Nations Economic and Social Council.

At present the UN has in total 15 specialized agencies that carry out various functions on behalf of the UN.

The specialized agencies are listed below:

• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
• International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).
• International Labour Organization (ILO).
• International Maritime Organization (IMO).
• International Monetary Fund (IMF).
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
• United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
• United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO).
• Universal Postal Union (UPU).
• World Bank Group (WBG).
  • The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD),
  • The International Finance Corporation (IFC),
  • The International Development Association (IDA),
• World Health Organization (WHO).
• World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
• World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
• World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).

Former Specialized Agencies:

• The only UN specialized agency to go out of existence is the International Refugee Organization, which existed from 1946 to 1952.
• In 1952, it was replaced by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees which is a subsidiary organ of the United Nations General Assembly.