[Mission 2022] Insta– QUED ( Questions from Editorials ) 13 April 2022 – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: a)

Although there is no universal legal definition, a sanction can be defined as a measure of coercion of an economic nature, as opposed to diplomatic or military means, taken by states, either collectively or individually. Collective sanctions can be imposed by an international organisation based on a multilateral (UN) or regional (EU) treaty. The UNSC is at the centre of the collective sanctions’ edifice with its Chapter VII, ‘Action with respect to threats to the peace, breaches of the peace, and acts of aggression’.

Sanctions are not defined nor listed, as such, but the allusion is clear. Since 1966, the UNSC has established 30 regimes of sanctions which have taken a variety of shapes from trade measures to embargoes on arms; and financial tools to travel bans.

Fourteen UN-supported programmes of sanctions are in place in the world today. Each of them is administered by a sanctions committee chaired by a non-permanent member of the UNSC.

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Solution: c)

The UN General Assembly meets every year — now 193 nations strong. It passes many resolutions to address global problems — hunger, poverty, women’s rights, terrorism, climate change, etc. 

India will be chair of the G-20 from December 2022.

The United States, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Japan, West Germany and Canada formed the G7 in 1976. Russia joined in 1998. However, Russia was thrown out in 2014 when it invaded the Crimea. China was never a member.

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Solution: a)

Though, the oilseed production in India has grown by almost 43 per cent from 2015-16 to 2020-21. The oil production in India has however lagged behind its consumption, necessitating import of edible oils. India is the world’s second-largest consumer and number one importer of vegetable oil.

India imports around 60 per cent of its consumption of edible oils’, and palm oils constitute around 60 per cent of the imports of edible oils.

The Economic Survey noted that the ‘oils and fats’ contributed around 60 percent of ‘food and beverages’ inflation despite having a weight of only 7.8 per cent in the group.

To increase domestic production of edible oils, in August, 2021, National Mission on Edible Oils – Oil Palm (NMEO-OP) has been launched to augment the availability of edible oil in the country by harnessing area expansion and through price incentives.

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Solution: a)

Subsistence farming is practiced to meet the needs of the farmer’s family. Traditionally, low levels of technology and household labour are used to produce on small output.

In mixed farming the land is used for growing food and fodder crops and rearing livestock.

In commercial grain farming crops are grown for commercial purpose. Wheat and maize are common commercially grown grains. Major areas where commercial grain farming is practised are temperate grasslands of North America, Europe and Asia.

Solution: b)

Aconcagua is the highest mountain in both the Southern and Western Hemispheres. Mount Aconcagua is located on the border of Argentina and Chile.

The Atacama Desert is a desert plateau in South America covering a 1,600 km (990 mi) strip of land on the Pacific coast, west of the Andes Mountains.

The Atacama is the driest place on earth, other than the poles. It receives less than 1 mm of precipitation each year, and some areas haven’t seen a drop of rain in more than 500 years.