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General Studies – 1
Topic: Social empowerment
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Every year, March 8 is celebrated as International Women’s Day. The immense contribution of women to all spheres of life is often overlooked, unfairly valued, and hardly rewarded. This is ‘particularly evident in care work — both paid and unpaid, which is crucial to the future of decent work.
Key Demand of the question:
To write importance of care work and need for policy improvement in this regard.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by defining care work and its various aspects.
Body:
First, write social importance of care work – Care work is fundamentally important because it is a universal human need, without which our society and economy can’t function. Children won’t grow up into healthy and happy adults, sick won’t get better and recover, the disabled and old will not be able to contribute to society and live dignified lives without the support and care of others.
Next, write about the challenges that are associated with care work and need for policy strategy to make it much more streamlined.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
India’s apex court will hear the petitions challenging the electoral bonds scheme. While this news should be welcomed, it is noteworthy that Chief Justice of India N V Ramana has not specified any specific date or set any timeline for arriving at a judgment.
Key Demand of the question:
To critically analyse the performance of electoral bonds in improving transparency.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving aims and objectives of introduction of electoral bonds.
Body:
In the first part, mention the functioning and features of electoral bond scheme – can be bought by any Indian citizen or company incorporated in India. The scheme allows parties to receive these bonds.
Next, write about how this new instrument of political party funding is aimed to ensure greater transparency by addressing the issue of anonymous financing. It sought to eliminate black money from the system.
Next, write about how they have increased opacity instead of increasing transparency.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to improve transparency with respect to electoral bonds.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the factors affecting GDP growth and role of technological advancement in it.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining GDP.
Body:
First, write about the various factors affecting GDP growth – human resources, physical capital, natural resources and technology. Explain them with examples.
Next, write about role of technological advancement in improving GDP – Improvements in technology have a high impact on economic growth. As the scientific community makes more discoveries, managers find ways to apply these innovations as more sophisticated production techniques.
Conclusion:
Conclude by Summarising
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about importance of computation of national income and various methods to do it.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Introduction:
Start by defining national income.
Body:
In the first part, explain the various advantages of calculating national income – in policy formulation, effective decision making and for making international economic comparisons etc
Next, explain the three main methods of computing national income – income method, expenditure method and output method. Also explain how the national income of India is calculated
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money laundering and its prevention.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
Social media platforms have effectively supplanted traditional information networks in India. The dialectical relationship between online content, traditional media and political networks means that the messages propagated online effectively touch even those who are not yet online.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the steps need to tackle spread of fake news through social media.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving context regarding spread of fake news and disinformation in the country,
Body:
First, write about the consequences of fake news – Call into question the credibility of sources. Provide with false, misleading, or deceptive information used to make a decision or take action. Confirm biases and lead to lack of belief or trust in scientific findings. Cite examples to substantiate.
Next, write about the need to have a structured legal regime to tackle it – the features, changes required to existing laws etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: role of Family society and educational institutions in inculcating values.
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the ways to strengthen moral character among civil servants.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of family as foundation for value system.
Body:
Elaborate upon moral values like respect, truthfulness, tolerance, happiness, honesty, loyalty, peace, justice, responsibility, self-restraint are instilled in the thoughts, feelings and actions of the children and they function as ethics and principles that govern their actions in the life. Substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing the importance of family in strengthening moral values.
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics – in private and public relationships. Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the ways to strengthen moral character among civil servants.
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by describing utilitarian ethics.
Body:
Explain utilitarianism, a moral theory that argues that actions should be judged right or wrong to the extent they increase or decrease human well-being or ‘utility’. It state that consequences of an action are good, then the act is moral and if the consequences are bad, the act is immoral.
Next, give the other side of the argument. As actions should be determined by principles rather than by consequences.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a balanced opinion.
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