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Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
4. Analyse the potential of hydroelectric power in meeting India’s energy security targets? What are the associated risks which affect hydro power generation? (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
With an ambitious decarbonization target announced at last year’s CoP-26 climate summit in Glasgow, Prime Minister Narendra Modi raised India’s nationally-determined contribution (NDC) goal of non-fossil energy capacity to 500GW by 2030, from 450 GW earlier, to help us achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2070.
Key Demand of the question:
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining hydroelectric energy and give the statistic highlighting extent of it being generated in India.
Body:
First, mention the potential of hydroelectric energy – plenty of rivers, favourable geology, presence of technological expertise, past success etc.
Next, write about the various risks that are associated with hydropower projects – political conflicts, social impact, economic viability and ecological concerns must be written in detail. Substantiate them with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to remedy the above-mentioned limitations.
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