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General Studies – 1
Topic: urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The recently released Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) 2.0 guidelines continue to take forward the aims of the SBM launched in 2014, but add an important dimension focused on solid waste management.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the disaster preparedness and management of cyclones in India.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by defining Solid waste management.
Body:
First, explain the challenges pertaining to SWM in India – infrastructure, sanitation, manual scavenging, lack of disposal, pollution etc.
Next, write about the aims and objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) 2.0 and how it will help tackle SWM issues in India.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Government of India has released a Draft Mediation Bill 2021 for promotion and strengthening of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms in India.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact and suggest measures to tackle malnutrition in India.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining ADR and its significance.
Body:
In the first part, write about various ADR mechanisms in India – Indian Council of Arbitration (ICA) and the International Center for Alternate Dispute Resolution (ICADR), Lok Adalats and Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 etc.
Next, write about various features of Draft Mediation Bill 2021. Evaluate its pros and cons in promoting and facilitating mediation for resolution of disputes.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to improve it.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Russian President Vladimir Putin has concluded a short summit meeting with Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi, highlighting the “all-weather” partnership between the two countries despite trying global circumstances.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the long term approach with emphasis on rule of law and democracy in Myanmar.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of ‘all weather’ friendship between India and Russia.
Body:
In the first part, Highlight the strength of the relationship – Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership, a status at par with Japan, the long history, defence partnership, nuclear power plants etc.
Next, bring out the issues in the relationship by dividing them into geopolitical, geostrategic and at bilateral level – Russia-Pakistan, Russia-China, and USA-India, Changes in Afghanistan and issues emanating from them.
Discuss how should India and Russia navigate the tides moving forward.
Conclusion:
Conclude by commenting on their current nature of evergreen friendship.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
NASA launched its new Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) — the agency’s first-ever laser communications system — from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida. The LCRD will help the agency test optical communication in space.
Key Demand of the question:
To Compare and contrast the optical communication and radio frequency communications
Directive word:
Compare and contrast – provide for a detailed comparison of the two types, their features that are similar as well as different. One must provide for detailed assessment of the two.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context about growth of optical communications.
Body:
Compare both optical and radio frequency communications on the basis of data transmission, speed, bandwidth, attenuation losses, cost, infrastructure, compatibility etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning the need to build up towards optical communication technologies.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the characteristics of grassland ecosystems and the impact of various threats to it.
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the spread of various grassland ecosystems across the world.
Body:
First, write about the characteristics of grassland ecosystems – limited annual rainfall, dry climate, Lack of nutrients, Frequent fires, vegetation growth dominated by grasses.
Next, write about the impact of various natural and human disturbances to grassland ecosystem – Landslides, flash floods, wind storms, harvesting, planting and hunting are activities that have affected the organisms and landscapes within this type of ecosystem. Animals that graze in grasslands can also help to erode the territory if they overfeed. Urban development, agricultural production and invasive plants are all factors that work to destroy grasslands.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning various measures taken to tackle to protect grasslands.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To explain the causes for desertification and steps need to wards sustainable land management.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by citing statistic regarding the desertification in India.
Body:
First, write about the natural and anthropogenic causes of desertification in India.
Next, write about the need for sustainable land management – to halt and reverse land degradation for ensuring food, water, environment and livelihood security in the country.
Next, write about the various steps taken in this regard and what further can be done.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;
7. What does this quote means to you? (150 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Quotes Wednesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by explaining the literal meaning of the quote.
Body:
Write about bhakti in religion in the context of liberal and progressive bhakti movement in India.
Next, write about hero-worship in politics. Mention the consequences of such worship. Cite examples across the world.
Conclusion:
Summarise by highlighting the importance of the quote in the present day.
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