[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2022: INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 04 December 2021 – Geography – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: a)

Population ageing is the process by which the share of the older population becomes proportionally larger. This is a phenomenon of the twentieth century. In most of the developed countries of the world, population in higher age groups has increased due to increased life expectancy. With a reduction in birth rates, the proportion of children in the population has declined.

Solution: c)

Quaternary activities involve some of the following: the collection, production and dissemination of information or even the production of information. Quaternary activities centre around research, development and may be seen as an advanced form of services involving specialized knowledge and technical skills.

The highest level of decision makers or policy makers perform quinary activities. Quinary activities are services that focus on the creation, re-arrangement and interpretation of new and existing ideas; data interpretation and the use and evaluation of new technologies. Often referred to as ‘gold collar’ professions, they represent another subdivision of the tertiary sector representing special and highly paid skills of senior business executives, government officials,

research scientists, financial and legal consultants, etc.

Solution: b)

Age-Sex Pyramid

• The age-sex structure of a population refers to the number of females and males in different age groups. A population pyramid is used to show the age-sex structure of the population.
• The shape of the population pyramid reflects the characteristics of the population. The left side shows the percentage of males while the right side shows the percentage of women in each age group.

Expanding Populations

• The age-sex pyramid is a triangular shaped pyramid with a wide base and is typical of less developed countries.
• These have larger populations in lower age groups due to high birth rates.

Constant Population

• The pyramid is bell shaped and tapered towards the top. This shows birth and death rates are almost equal leading to a near constant population.

Declining Populations

• The pyramid has a narrow base and a tapered top showing low birth and death rates. The population growth in developed countries is usually zero or negative.

Solution: a)

From the north to the south, Northern Plains can be divided into three major zones: the Bhabar, the Tarai and the alluvial plains. The alluvial plains can be further divided into the Khadar and the Bhangar.

Bhabar is a narrow belt ranging between 8-10 km parallel to the Shiwalik foothills at the break-up of the slope. As a result of this, the streams and rivers coming from the mountains deposit heavy materials of rocks and boulders, and at times, disappear in this zone.

South of the Bhabar is the Tarai belt, with an approximate width of 10-20 km where most of the streams and rivers re-emerge without having any properly demarcated channel, thereby, creating marshy and swampy conditions known as the Tarai.

This has a luxurious growth of natural vegetation and houses a varied wildlife. The south of Tarai is a belt consisting of old and new alluvial deposits known as the Bhangar and Khadar respectively.

Solution: a)

The Dooars or Duars are the alluvial floodplains in eastern-northeastern India that lie south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas and north of the Brahmaputra River basin.

‘Duar formations’ are important, which have also been used for the development of tea gardens.