[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2022: INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 27 November 2021 – Geography – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: a)

Dew point, the temperature at which the atmosphere is saturated with water vapour, when it is cooled without changing its pressure or vapour content. A given volume of air containing much water vapour has a higher dew point than the same volume of drier air; thus, the dew point gives an indication of the humidity. In meteorology the dew point is applied, for example, in predicting the height of the base of certain types of clouds. A higher dew point means there will be more moisture in the air.

Solution: a)

Solution: b)

As organic material dies and is deposited in swamps or swampy lakes, the material undergoes bacterial and chemical changes to create peat deposits. Over millions of years, this peat gets buried under many layers of sediment the pressure and temperature of the peat increases. Gradually, the peat turns into lignite or brown coal, then sub-bituminous coal, bituminous coal, and finally hard anthracite coal. While coal is being formed, the decomposing organic material produces methane gas – the main component of natural gas – along with nitrogen and carbon dioxide. With the pressure of being buried under sediment, most of the methane stays trapped on the surface of the coal.

Solution: b)

When consecutive cyclones develop in the same region of the ocean, the predecessor system leads to upwelling — the process in which cooler waters from lower ocean surfaces are pushed towards upper ocean surfaces.

In the absence of warm sea surface conditions, any cyclone will not get enough fuel to intensify further while at sea.

Solution: d)

What causes the dip in Delhi’s temperature?

Significant amount of snowfall in states falling in the western Himalayan range — Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand — under the influence of a Western Disturbance.

In winters, whenever an active Western Disturbance passes through the western Himalayan region, it leads to a dip in temperatures across northwest India.

A Western Disturbance, labelled as an extra-tropical storm originating in the Mediterranean, is an area of low pressure that brings sudden showers, snow and fog in northwest India.

The lack of cloud cover also leads to higher radiation from the Earth’s surface into the atmosphere at night time, which also cools the ground.

Moreover, under the influence of an active La Niña climate pattern, temperatures across the globe dips.