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General Studies – 1
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1. UPSC asked Question related to Ocean in 2019 (Ocean current and water masses), 2017 (Ocean salinity)
Key Demand of the question:
To write about to factors which lead to marine heatwaves and its impact on the ocean biodiversity.
Directive word:
Account – Give underlying reasons for the phenomenon/process and enumerate the impact
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Explain what Marine heatwaves is.
Body:
Write about the various factors that leads to marine heatwaves – Ocean current, Increasing sea temperature, Weak winds. Write the impact of marine heatwaves – impact on corals, habitat, species, and fisheries. Give examples from across the world.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the above.
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact of climate change on the shallow water coral reefs worldwide.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Explain how climate change is affecting the corals.
Body:
Explain how climate change is impacting shallow water-corals. Also, write about various other factors which lead to coral depletion e.g. marine pollution, changes in ocean temperature. In brief write the implications and measure which can be taken to mitigate the impact on corals.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the above.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
China is seeking to refashion the international order and exercise greater regional hegemony. Recently, Secretary Antony Blinken outlined the US approach to China: “Competitive when it should be, collaborative when it can be, and adversarial when it must be.”
Key Demand of the question:
Analyse the new era of great power competition in the world, focussing on the policies of China and United States. The global cooperation to tackle this.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Describe the current geo-political condition and the competition among countries.
Body:
First highlight the global economic interdependence and the new era of great power competition among countries.
Next bring out the risks involved in the power competition by citing the China-Us trade war. Touch upon the challenges like climate change, the pandemic, risks posed by technology, global public health.
Highlight on the areas where the risks of the global system are magnifying — cyber threats, the possible risks of unregulated technology, competition in space, a renewed competition in nuclear weapons and an intensifying arms race.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward for collaboration between countries for solving global problems and preserving national supremacy.
Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests.
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
Recent consultations in Delhi on the crisis in Afghanistan among the region’s top security policymakers, following the US withdrawal, was part of developing a Eurasian strategy.
Key Demand of the question:
Write about India’s strategy towards Indo-pacific and the need to develop a similar strategy for Eurasian region.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start your answer by talking about India’s Indo-Pacific strategy and the need to develop a similar strategy for Eurasian region.
Body:
Talk about the international understanding of the region. Mention that If the Indo-Pacific is about Delhi’s new maritime geopolitics, Eurasia involves the recalibration of India’s continental strategy.
China’s dominance in the region.
Talk about the integrated approach to Eurasia, India’s Eurasian policy must involve greater engagement with both the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward and what lies for India in cooperation with Eurasia.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to Internal security
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Reference: the Hindu
Why the question:
India’s confrontation with neighbourhood policies have been in news recurrently
Key demand of the question:
To mention and explain the recent events, as to how India could have made use of International law to foster its National security interests
Directive word:
Comment – here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
A brief on related International law
Body:
In first part, mention examples/instances where India could have made use of International law to secure its national interests
In second part, mention the reasons for international law remaining at the margins of foreign policymaking in India
Conclusion:
Suggest what more could be done in the perspective
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment.
6. India’s Gati Shakti Plan can have an impact beyond its borders. Analyse. (250 Words)
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question
Gati Shakti plan has been in new since a week
Key demand of the question
The various spill over effects of Gati Shakti Plan on India’s neighbours
Directive Word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:
A brief on the plan
Body:
Key elements of the plan
In second part, mention the impacts of the plan across India’s borders
Conclusion:
A relevant way forward/closing statement
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