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General Studies – 1
Topic: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: A Brief History of Modern India by Rajiv Ahir (Spectrum Publishers)
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
The methods used by Indians in their struggle in South Africa, and Gandhiji’s experience in the course of that struggle.
Directive word:
Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin your answer by writing briefly what problems Indians in South Africa faced, at around the time of Gandhiji’s arrival in the country.
Body:
List out the tools of protest/struggle used during the moderate phase of struggle in the Indian National Movement, then with respect to South African Indians. Mention various agitations undertaken by Gandhi while in Africa. Mention their impact.
Write what some of the learnings for Gandhi were in leading Indians against authorities in power (ex: he learnt how to handle religious diversity).
Conclusion:
End your answer by briefly writing how well known Gandhiji already was among a few leaders and masses by when he returned to India.
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: History of modern world by Jain & Mathur
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
Problems faced by African nations after independence, and the role played by the United Nations in helping resolving their problems.
Directive word:
Critically comment – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘comment’ is prefixed, we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Introduction:
Introduce the answer by writing about decolonisation of Africa and how it took place.
Body:
The problems faced by independent African nations were not very different. List the common problems, and use examples. Also cite some unique problems that plagued individual African countries (ex: apartheid in South Africa), Civil wars in western Africa, emergence of dictators etc.
Mention the impact of the above on African countries and link it with present day.
Conclusion:
Conclude by highlighting how African countries to this day are being affected by their colonial past.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi will distribute e-property cards to 1,71,000 beneficiaries under the SVAMITVA scheme
Key Demand of the question:
To mention the key features of SVAMVITA scheme and the intent behind introduction of the scheme.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Write in brief about the aims and objectives of SVAMVITA scheme.
Body:
Firstly, Mention about the general issues of property disputes in rural areas
Next, explain the features of SVAMITVA scheme. Stress on use of technology such as drone mapping and GPS in order to create accurate land records.
Next, mention how the scheme would enable the rural population to use their property as a financial asset for taking loans and other financial benefits.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning that the scheme would provide a positive impetus in the local governance to resolve land disputes and also provide economic spurt by promoting financial lending.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
RBI has sought to undertake a comprehensive review of the microfinance sector again, after 10 years, to better align the regulatory framework with the sector’s current realities.
Key Demand of the question:
To understand the nature and functioning of microfinance industry and its role in eradicating poverty.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the credit lending structure of microfinance industry.
Body:
First, describe the lack of formal credit lending structures to the poor for initiating some business or investment activity and with no collateral.
Next, highlight the role of microfinance sector in empowering women and help the poor to begin an income generating activity and take up small entrepreneurial ventures through small capital financing.
Next, mention few successful models of microfinancing in India and abroad and a few takeaways from them.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning that the grass-root level approach of financing is a much needed strategy to alleviate poverty and promote women empowerment when a major section of our population is is the poor.
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: moneycontrol.com
Why the question:
RBI grants licence to National Asset Reconstruction Company.
Key Demand of the question:
To discuss the need & nature of Asset Reconstruction Company and factors that will make it effective.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the status of bad debts with the financial institutions and the need to separate out such debts to boost the overall performance of the financial institutions.
Body:
First, describe the structuring of the NARCL and also mention its mandate that makes it a bad bank.
Next, highlight the impact of bad debts being spread over various financial institutions
Next, suggest need of right team with the right incentive structure and an innovative approach in handling assets for an effective performance of NARC.
Conclusion:
Conclude by saying that global best practices coupled with local realities and needs, must be emulated for an effective resolution of bad debts.
Topic: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The growing commercialisation and militarisation of outer space have triggered the interest of the Quad leaders to form a working group on outer space.
Key Demand of the question:
To understand the geopolitics of outer space and the need for a global regulator to keep the competing nations in check.
Directive word:
Critically comment – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘comment’ is prefixed, we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the race among nations to establish domination in the outer space through scientific and human expeditions.
Body:
First give a few instances of aggressive expeditions of China and the new China-Russia collaboration in space exploration especially the exploration of the moon.
Next, mention about the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 and its intent to exploit the outerspace for the benefit of all mankind.
Next highlight the importance of India’s diplomatic approach towards the space race and also explore options of our own scientific advancements and expeditions through some examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning that a common regulatory approach upholding the principle of Outer Space treaty is the need of the hour.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;
7. What does this quote means to you? (150 words)
“No morality can be founded on authority, even if the authority were divine”.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Quotes Wednesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by explaining the literal meaning of the quote and highlighting its core meaning that morality must be from within and cannot be forced upon.
Body:
Mention the failure of authoritarian approaches to imbibe the principles of morality. Parallels may be drawn with examples such as failure of dictatorship and military regime that derive their power mainly through authority without much validation of the masses. This often results in the failure of such powers to bring in rule based moral behaviour of the people. Similar examples on religious lines may be given as well.
Conclusion:
Summarise by highlighting the importance of the quote in the present day.
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