[MISSION 2022] SECURE 2022 : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 30 September 2021 – INSIGHTSIAS

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.

1. Analyse the role played by the Chinese Communist Party from its birth in 1921, to 1949 when the party emerged victorious in the Chinese Revolution. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Mastering World History by Norman Lowe

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

Explain certain important events/moments of the CCP in a chronological manner during the Chinese revolution.

Directive:

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you have to examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them as a whole in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Start by writing about the background in which the CCP emerged – the Warlord Era.

Body:

First write about the role of CCP prior to its breach with the KMT (1927-28), then, its role after rejigging its priorities under Mao’s influence. Third, write why the CCP gained influence during the civil war period, and finally the reasons for CCP victory.

Conclusion:

Conclude by mentioning that the victory came at a cost – it was isolated by the west for several decades.

 

Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.

2. After the Chinese Revolution of 1949, Mao Zedong tried to keep China developing along Marxist-Leninist lines in any way possible. Elucidate. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Mastering World History by Norman Lowe

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

The problems China faced following the Communist victory over KMT in 1949, and the measures introduced by Mao to address them.

Directive:

Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Begin by writing that an important reason why the CCP had emerged victorious was that it had a large following among the masses. This itself was a result of Mao having been profoundly influenced by the thoughts of Marx and Lenin.

Body:

Write what the problems facing China and its people were, then how Mao attempted to resolve them. In the process, try relating the measures he introduced to the thoughts of Marx and Lenin. Mention the positive as well as negative impact of the same.

Conclusion:

End your answer by highlighting some of the changes introduced by Deng Xiaoping upon his ascendancy.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government

3. Judiciary, as the guardian of Rule of Law, is entrusted with the extraordinary power to punish misconduct aimed at undermining its authority or bringing the institution into disrepute, whether outside or inside the courts. Comment. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

Observing that the court’s power of contempt can’t be taken away even by a legislative enactment, the Supreme Court on September 29 held the chairperson of an NGO guilty of contempt for not depositing ₹25 lakh for “scandalising and browbeating” the court.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the need for Court’s power of contempt to punish people who scandalise it.

Directive word: 

Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining the Court’s power of contempt and types of contempt.

Body:

First, Discuss the origin of the concept, its constitutionality/ statutory basis, its different kinds.

Next, Explain the concept- Contempt of court, is the offence of being disobedient to or disrespectful towards a court of law and its officers in the form of behaviour that opposes or defies the authority, justice and dignity of the court. Contempt of court, as a concept, seeks to protect judicial institutions from motivated attacks and unwarranted criticism, and as a legal mechanism to punish those who lower its authority. Cite recent famous examples.

Conclusion:

Conclude by asserting the rationale behind the provision.

 

Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes;

4. The Mid-day meal scheme has received considerable appreciation and is the world’s biggest scheme of its kind. Critically evaluate its performance. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy.

Reference: Hindustan TimesInsights on India

Why the question:

The Union cabinet Wednesday renamed the flagship school meal programme Mid-Day Meal as PM Poshan and pegged a total outlay of ₹1.31 trillion, including states’ share over five years.

Key Demand of the question:

To see the success and limitations of Mid-day meal scheme.

Directive word: 

Critically Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence.  You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Briefly introduce the Midday Meal Scheme as a scheme which is a school meal programme of the Government of India designed to improve the nutritional status of school-age children nationwide.

Body:

In the first part, mention the aims and objectives, and the features of the scheme.

Next, write about the Benefits of the scheme, various positive implications and successes etc.

Next, write about the limitations of the scheme and Key issues with the implementation of the scheme.

Next, write about the latest changes, its expanded scope and what further needs to be done.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.

5. In the current unemployment scenario, a long-term strategy to impart vocational skills will facilitate increase in income of labour as well as generating formal employment. Elaborate. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference:  Live Mint

Why the question:

The recent release of the government’s periodic labour survey shows that the proportion of salaried jobs in urban India fell from 53% between April and June of last year, when a national lockdown was in place, to 48.7% in October-December 2020.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the importance of vocational training in formalise labour and improve incomes.

Directive word: 

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Write a few introductory lines about the status of unemployment in India citing reports like periodic labour survey/ CMIE.

Body:

First, mention the causes of current status of employment in India.

Next, write the importance of vocational training – better expectation setting and career planning. access to new age skills, upskill and re-skill themselves to keep up with the shift in demand that has been accelerated this year, due to the pandemic.

Next, write about the steps/schemes  that have been launched and further steps that are needed to be taken in this regard.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 

Topic: Security challenges and their management in border areas – linkages of organized crime with terrorism.

6. In this era of global politics when Chinese belligerence is heightening, India and the world must recognise how the BRI is aiming to reshape the global order in fundamental ways and address it. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Live Mint

Why the question:

The Blue Dot Network formed by the US, Japan and Australia was intended to counter China’s BRI. But how effective this option will prove remains unclear.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the threats poses by China’s BRI and steps taken in that regard.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by describing the One Belt One Road initiative of China.

Body:

First, write about the various concerns for India in particular. Both geopolitically, on border security as well as economically.

Next, Write about the concerns for the world from BRI and global order. Mention the recent developments.

Next, write about the steps taken by India and world to counter the BRI of China.

Conclusion:

Write how with its Western partners, now New Delhi can hope to shape an alternative to Chinese predatory practices and push back against Beijing’s economic agenda.

 


General Studies – 4


 

Topic: Utilization of public funds;

7. The lack of transparency remains a major impediment in utilisation of public funds, which in turns affects our developmental goals. Justify. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Key Demand of the question:

To explain how transparency associated with utilization of public funds of the country will improve it efficacy.

Directive:

Justify – When you are asked to justify, you must pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence.  You must appraise the worth of the statement in question using suitable case studies or/ and examples.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Discuss the importance of transparency and accountability in public funds.

Body:

Explain the lacunae in the country with respect to utilization of public funds such as corruption, nepotism, incomplete works, bad quality work, siphoning funds etc.

Discuss the significance of Transparency and efficiency as tools for monitoring and supervising distribution of public fund.

Explain various mechanisms through which it can be done – Public Fund Management System, Auditing agencies – CAG, Budgeting – Outcome based budgeting, zero base budgeting, Participation and transparency – Social Auditing, Financial Prudence etc.

Conclusion:

Summarize of this will aid in the developmental process of the country as well as reduce corrupt practices.


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