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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
1. Explain the Mansabdari system of the Mughal empire. Evaluate its merits and demerits. What are key learnings from Mansabdari to present day administrative practices? (250 words)
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the features of Mansabdari, its merits and demerits and learnings from it for present day administration.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of Mansabdari system as an important corner stone of Mughal administration.
Body:
First, write about the various features of Mansabdari system – appointments, ranks, payments, purpose etc.
Next, write about various merits and demerits associated with the Mansabdari system in detail.
Next, write about the key learning from Mansabdari system to present day administrative practises which can be implemented to make the administration better.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: Effects of globalization on Indian society.
2. How can India move towards the essential and good aspects of modernity and yet avoid the cons of Westernisation? Discuss the role that India becoming a Vishwa Guru can play in this regard. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , Outlook India
Why the question:
For several years, talk of India becoming a Vishwa Guru – the teacher or knowledge-giver of the world – has been in the air. Many take pleasure in rubbishing this idea. On the other hand, there are others who are understandably very passionate about making this happen.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about India adopting good aspects of modernity while rejective cons of westernisation and how being a Vishwa Guru can help in this regard.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving the need to adopt essential modernity and reject mindless westernisation.
Body:
First, write about modernity, its features and as to how India can adopt essential and good aspects of it.
Next, write about westernisation, its cons associated with impact and ways to avoid it.
Next, write about India as Vishwa Guru and how being the Vishwa Guru can help India accept essential elements of modernity while rejecting mindless westernisation.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government;
3. A powerful, independent judiciary is of paramount importance to protect rights of citizens and country’s socio-economic development. Hence, there is a scope for reforms to make higher judiciary efficient and effective. Analyse. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
Rumours are rife that age of retirement of Supreme Court of India judges is to be increased to 67 years, not immediately but come a couple of months.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the need for reforms in Indian judiciary and how to achieve them.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of judicial reforms.
Body:
First, write about the need of judicial reforms in India. In detail, enumerate the various issues in the Indian judiciary. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Next, write what reforms are needed in its place to ensure that Indian judiciary is efficient, effective and accountable.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
4. A rejuvenated Inter-State Council can play a vital role in better implementation of governance practices, involve the states more closely in the planning and delivery of services and lead to a more prudent fiscal discipline. Discuss. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: New Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
A defining feature of the eight-year rule of the Narendra Modi government is its often baffling adherence to secrecy while framing and implementing policies. From demonetisation to the Covid-19 lockdown to the farmers’ bill to the scrapping of Article 370, every major decision of the government was shrouded in mystery.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of Inter-State Council for centre-state relations and development of India.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about Inter-State Council Article 263, its aims and objectives.
Body:
First, give brief context of development of ISC with respect to centre-state relations and issues associated with the ISC.
Next, write about how the ISC can play a part in improving governance, bridging trust deficit between centre and state and better fiscal management. Substantive with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Government Budgeting.
5. What is twin deficit? Examine as to how India can avoid the twin deficit problem amidst rising commodity prices and subsidy burden. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , business-standard
Why the question:
The finance ministry on Monday cautioned the re-emergence of the twin deficit problem in the economy, with higher commodity prices and rising subsidy burden leading to an increase in both fiscal deficit and current account deficit. It’s also the first time the government has explicitly talked about the possibility of fiscal slippage in the current fiscal year.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about twin deficit, concerns associated with it and measures needed to avoid the problem.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining twin deficit.
Body:
First, write about the concerns associated with it and how it impacts various macro-economic parameters.
Next, write about the ways in which it could be avoided – write about various Fiscal, Monetary and other policy measures that are needed to avoid the twin deficit problem.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
6. Wetlands perform a wide range of biodiversity functions especially with respect to naturally protecting surrounding areas from flooding. Elucidate. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Experts in Bangladesh have cautioned against solely blaming climate change for the ongoing floods in the country’s north-eastern Sylhet division. They say the destruction of Sylhet’s traditional wetlands, known as ‘haors’ are also part of the reason.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of wetland ecosystem and its role in flood mitigation.
Elucidate –
Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining a wetland and its types.
Body:
Write about the various functions performed by a wetland- water-related ecosystem services, productive areas for plant life and animals, major habitat for most of the world’s waterbirds and key habitat for migratory species, important source of food and high recreational, historical, scientific, and cultural values.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising their importance.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;
7. What does this quote means to you? (150 words)
“Many people lose the small joys in the hope for the big happiness.” ― Pearl S. Buck
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Quotes Wednesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by explaining the literal meaning of the quote.
Body:
Write about need of various interpretation of being happy.
Next, using examples mention how in order to become more happier than others we end up being unhappy. Cite examples like wealth, power, status, social media fame etc.
Conclusion:
Summarise by highlighting the importance of the quote in the present day.
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