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General Studies – 1
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
1. The open yet restricted rivalry that developed after World War II between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, was waged on political, economic, and propaganda fronts and had only limited recourse to weapons. Analyse. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.
Key Demand of the question:
There were different arenas (Korea, Vietnam, etc.) of the cold war. Apart from these different arenas, mention the different fields (ex: space race, sports) in which the cold war played out.
Directive:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin your answer by writing briefly what the primary cause of the cold war was.
Body:
First write about the different fields in which the cold war ended up playing out – diplomacy, espionage, space race and propaganda etc.
Next, write about weaponised aspects of the cold war – weapons race, the different places where the two superpowers technically battled each other (Korea, Vietnam etc.).
Write about the impact of the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude by Summarising.
Topic: Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
2. What are the causes of inequality in the Indian society? Enumerate various steps that are needed ensure an equitable society. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
The Oxfam report shows that the bottom 50% of the Indian population’s income has come down to 13.1% of the total from 20% in 1991. Meanwhile, the top 10%’s income, which averaged below 40% up to 1991, rose to 57.1%.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes of inequality and measurers needed to address it.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining inequality and cite statistic to show inequalities in the Indian society.
Body:
First, write about the various reasons for inequality in India – Historical reasons, poverty, informal employment, lack of social security, regional imbalances etc. Write about the impact of inequality in India.
Next, write about the steps that are needed to address this and move towards a more equitable society.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies.
3. Lok Adalats were established to make justice accessible and affordable to all. Analyse the performance of Lok Adalats in achieving their stated objectives. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: New Indian Express
Why the question:
The Supreme Court Wednesday said the award of a Lok Adalat cannot be reversed or set aside without setting aside the facts recorded in it as being fraudulently arrived at.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about Lok Adalat in the Indian setup of judiciary in ensuring access to justice for the deprived.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by writing about Lok Adalats and their objectives.
Body:
First, write about the constitutional status of Lok Adalats. Briefly discuss the History and Evolution of Lok Adalats in India. Discuss the provisions given in the constitution with respect to access to justice for the deprived.
Next, Present the merits and demerits of the system, weigh the successes achieved. Account for challenges and shortcoming in the performance of Lok Adalats.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to address the shortcomings.
Topic: Issues relating to poverty and hunger.
4. Hunger and malnutrition have a negative and a disproportionate impact on various socio-economic indicators. Examine the causes and suggest long term solutions to address this issue. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
India has 5,772,472 children below five years affected by severe wasting — the most in the world, alerted UNICEF.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about causes and impact of hunger and malnutrition and ways to tackle it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a statistic regarding Hunger and malnutrition in India.
Body:
Describe the impact of hunger and malnutrition in India – status of child mortality, stunting and wasting in India, loss of demographic dividend, extreme poverty etc.
Next write about the causes – there are social factors like early marriage etc all of which contribute to the undernourishment, stunting and wasting of children.
Next, write about the measures that are needed to overcome hunger and malnutrition in the country.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
5. Examine the various obstacles to an energy secure India. How can the government ensure energy security while honouring its net zero commitments? (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
The Centre’s drive to plug power shortages must proceed with care. Relaxing bad loan norms or a knee-jerk expansion of nuclear capacity without proper cost analysis will be inadvisable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various obstacles to energy security in India and ways to ensure energy security.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding the energy security in the country.
Body:
First, write about the various impediments to India’s energy security – coal shortages, volatility of crude oil, increasing demand, climate commitments and lack of diversification of resources.
Next, write about ways to balance between clean energy commitments while balancing energy security.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery.
6. Integrating ethical decision making into all levels of management of the organization is a way to ensure an ethical work culture. Elaborate. (150 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of ethical decision making towards the work culture of an organisation.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining ethical decision making.
Body:
Highlight the importance of ethical decision making and various benefits associated with integrating ethical decision making in the organisations. Justify with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning ways to inculcate ethical decision making in the organisation.
Topic: Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and nonpartisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections.
7. Core values guide the judgement of public servants on how to perform their tasks in daily operations effectively and empathetically. Discuss. (150 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining the core value system.
Body:
Write about the role of core values in judgement of civils servants– impartiality, legality, integrity, empathy and transparency. Elaborate with examples as to how it guides the judgement of civil servants and ensure that right decisions are taken.
Conclusion:
Conclude by Summarising.
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