[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS (6 May 2022 ) REVISION THROUGH MCQS – INSIGHTSIAS

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The objective of the CAA is to grant Indian citizenship to persecuted minorities — Hindu, Sikh, Jain, Buddhist, Parsi and Christian — from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.
• Those from these communities who had come to India till December 31, 2014, facing religious persecution in their respective countries, will not be treated as illegal immigrants but given Indian citizenship.
• The Act provides that the central government may cancel the registration of OCIs on certain grounds.
• Exceptions:
  • The Act does not apply to tribal areas of Tripura, Mizoram, Assam and Meghalaya because of being included in the 6th Schedule of the Constitution.
  • Also areas that fall under the Inner Limit notified under the Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation, 1873, will also be outside the Act’s purview.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/06/citizenship-amendment-act-rules-2/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) is the world’s largest humanitarian agency fighting hunger worldwide. On average, WFP aims to reach more than 90 million people with food assistance in more than 70 countries.
• S2: Founded in 1961, it is headquartered in Rome and has offices in 80 countries.
• S3: The World Food Programme was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2020 for its efforts to provide food assistance in areas of conflict, and to prevent the use of food as a weapon of war and conflict.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/06/world-food-programme-4/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) is a statutory body established under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India.
• The FSSAI has been established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, which is a consolidating statute related to food safety and regulation in India.
• FSSAI is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food safety.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/06/fssais-star-rating/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The World Food Prize is an international award recognizing the achievements of individuals who have advanced human development by improving the quality, quantity, or availability of food in the world.
• Conceived by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Norman Borlaug and established in 1986 through the support of General Foods, the prize is envisioned and promoted as the Nobel or the highest honors in the field of food and agriculture.
• It is now administered by the World Food Prize Foundation with support from numerous sponsors.
• Since 1987, the prize has been awarded annually to recognize contributions in any field involved in the world food supply, such as animal science, aquaculture, soil science, water conservation, nutrition, health, plant science, seed science, plant pathology, crop protection, food technology, food safety, policy, research, infrastructure, emergency relief, and poverty alleviation and hunger.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/05/06/mission-2022-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-06-may-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The site of Khajuraho belonged to the Chandela Kings who ruled over Central India from the 9th to 13th centuries. Khajuraho was the cultural capital of the Chandela rulers as a result of which it continued to flourish despite the frequent shifting of its political capital. Initially, this group of monuments were a total of eighty-four temples out of which only twenty-five remain intact today. The monuments at Khajuraho are a group of Hindu and Jaina temples. Widely known for its magnificent structures and the much-debated erotic sculptures, Khajuraho was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in the year 1986.
• Khajuraho temples are considered as some of the best examples of Nagara style of temple architecture with a sanctum cella (garbhagriha), small vestibule (antarala), a large hall (mahamandapa), an assembly hall (mandapa) and an entrance portico (ardhamandapa).
• The temples are grouped into three categories; the Western Group, the Eastern Group and the Southern Group.
• Western Group:
  • It is the western group that is known worldwide with the Kandariya Mahadev Temple, Lakshmana Temple, Visvanatha Temple, Chausath Yogini and Chitragupta Temple being a part of it. They are considered to be some of the best representations of a typical Khajuraho temple. Out of these, the Kandariya Mahadev (102 feet in length and 66 feet in breadth) temple has a lingam enshrined in its sanctum sanctorum. Known for its intricately carved interiors depicting Gods and Goddesses, the exteriors of this temple have erotic sculptures carved on them.
• Eastern Group:
  • This group is dominated by the Jaina Temples out of which the Parsvanath Temple is the largest. Initially, the temple was dedicated to Adinath which was later replaced with the idol of Parsvanath. Close to the Parsvanath temple is the Ghantai Temple and the Adinath temple. The Adinath temple is one of the later temples as a result of which the sculptures of this temple are more detailed and delicately carved.
  • This group also has the Vamana, Brahma and Javeri temples of the Hindu pantheon. The Brahma temple is the only temple at Khajuraho completely built of granite and has a four-faced lingam in its sanctum sanctorum.
• Southern Group:
  • The Southern Group of temples is situated slightly away from other groups and consists of the Duladeo Temple, Chaturbhuj Temple and the Beejamandal Temple. The Duladeo temple dedicated to Lord Shiva has some of the best sculptures depicting apsaras and is the most famous temple among the Southern Group of temples.

Refer: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/240/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Rani ki Vav or precisely translated as the Queen’s stepwell was built in 1063, on the banks of the river Saraswati, by the Gurjar Rani Udayamati of the Chalukya Dynasty. The stepwell was built to commemorate her husband Raja Bhimdev I. This remarkably beautiful stepwell, located in Patan is the oldest and most intricately created form of subterranean water architecture and was declared as a World Heritage Site in 2014 by UNESCO.
• Initially created as a memorial for Raja Bhimdev I, the stepwell was also constructed with a functional and structural aesthetic. Classified as a Nanda style stepwell, the steps lead down through multiple levels, with queues of carved walls, pillars, columns, brackets and beams ornamented with scroll work and more than 800 sculptures, which mostly depict the ten different avatars of Lord Vishnu (Dasaavatara).

Refer: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/922/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S3: Five groups of rock shelters were recognized by UNESCO as a world heritage site in 2003. However, there are two additional rock shelter groups on the Renhatti Road which were not included in the heritage site.
• S1&S2: The Bhimbetka archaeological site forms one of the largest groups of prehistoric painted shelters in the world. The rock shelters are spread over an area covering 1850 hectares. These rock shelters fall in the Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary in the Vindhya range. Besides prehistoric remains, large numbers of Hindu and Buddhist archaeological remains are also found here.
• Although rock art has been found throughout India, Madhya Pradesh holds the highest concentration of rock art especially in Bhimbetka. The Bhimbetka caves were discovered in 1957 by the Indian archaeologist Dr. Vishnu.S. Wakankar. The earliest rock paintings at Bhimbetka are around 10,000 years old and they are rendered in three main colours- red, white and green.

Refer: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/925/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Situated close to the Bay of Bengal, the Sun Temple Konark is one of the best representations of Kalinga Architecture. The word ‘Konark’ can be translated to the ‘corner sun’; Kona (corner) and Arka (sun) and was so named as it lay on the north east corner of the famous Jagannath Temple at Puri. Konark was also called the Black Pagoda, the first mention of which is found in the diary of Sir Streynsham Master, Governor of Fort St George, Madras. It was used as a major landmark by most sailors and travellers. Dedicated to Sun God, Konark was built by the King of the Ganga Dynasty, Narasimha Deva I in the 13th century. It was declared a Unesco World Heritage Site in the year 1984 for its architectural brilliance and for serving as an evidence of the spread of Sun worship in India from Kashmir to the eastern parts.
• Konark is made of a stone called Khondalite, widely available in the region. The entire structure was constructed without the use of any binding material such as mortar or cement. It was also one of the first structures in India to have used iron beams and dowels. It is said that the temple was held together using electromagnetic force with sixty three tons of magnet, ten tons at the bottom and fifty three at the top of the structure.

Refer: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/246/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The Great Living Chola Temples were built by kings of the Chola Empire, which stretched over all of south India and the neighbouring islands.
• The site includes three great 11th- and 12th-century Temples: the Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur, the Brihadisvara Temple at Gangaikondacholisvaram and the Airavatesvara Temple at Darasuram.
• The Temple of Gangaikondacholisvaram, built by Rajendra I, was completed in 1035. Its 53-m vimana (sanctum tower) has recessed corners and a graceful upward curving movement, contrasting with the straight and severe tower at Thanjavur.
• The Airavatesvara temple complex, built by Rajaraja II, at Darasuram features a 24-m vimana and a stone image of Shiva.
• The temples testify to the brilliant achievements of the Chola in architecture, sculpture, painting and bronze casting.

Refer: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/250/