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General Studies – 1
Topic: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question: As we celebrated the 131st birth anniversary of B R Ambedkar, several interesting and conflicting perceptions of his role as one of the makers of modern India came to mind. He is one leader from the pre-independence times who has gained phenomenal after-life recognition, respect and popularity, not only as a messiah of the Dalits but also as one of the greatest Indians of the modern age.
Key Demand of the question: To write about the political, social and intellectual contributions of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing a few introductory lines regarding Dr B.R Ambedkar.
Body:
Discuss his role and contributions; His role as a social reformer, chairman of the draft committee of the Indian Constitution, and first law minister of the country is well-known. He was an educationist, economist, jurist, politician, journalist, sociologist and social reformer and worked in the fields of culture, religion and spirituality.
Highlight his efforts towards championing the causes of downtrodden and the vulnerable.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: communalism, regionalism & secularism.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question: Hate speech must be unambiguously condemned and the law must take its course, although not merely because it can lead to events of violence in the future.
Key Demand of the question: To write about the consequences of hate speech and ways to address it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining hate speech.
Body:
First, write about the impact of hate speech on society,
Next, write in detail about various legal and constitutional measures that have been provided for curbing hate speech. Write about how far they have been successful or unsuccessful in achieving the desired results.
Finally, write about what can be done in future by government, civil society etc so as to reduce instances of hate speech.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question: The India Meteorological Department (IMD), while forecasting a ‘normal’ southwest monsoon for this year also, revised downwards the definition of what constitutes average rainfall.
Key Demand of the question: To write about the causes/ factors which lead to El-Nino and also write in detail about its effects on the world climate and geography.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing a few introductory lines describing the El-Nino.
Body:
First, write about the mechanism of El-Nino – The role trade winds pushing warm water, difference in temperature across the equatorial pacific, circulation between east and west in the Pacific etc.
Next, write about impact of El-Nino of global climate – In South America, there is a drastic increase in the risk of flooding on the western coast, while there is an increase in the risk of droughts on parts of the eastern coast.
Next, write about the impact of El-Nino on Indian monsoon – very dry weather on the western parts of India.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the need to adapt to adverse effects of El-Nino.
General Studies – 2
Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference:InstaPedia
Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question: To write about the challenges posed to India because of the economic crisis in Sri Lanka and also the opportunities it presents.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of the economic crisis in Sri Lanka.
Body:
Firstly, account for the crisis in Sri Lanka and then write about the challenges it creates for India – further alignment Beijing, Strategic Interests of India in SL, Economic ties, Infrastructural investments in various projects etc.
Next, write how India can use this as opportunity to help SL tide the crisis as part of India’s ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy. Also, mention the cautious approach India must take to offset any Chinese propaganda in this regard.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Financial Express
Why the question: The National Health Authority (NHA), the implementing agency for the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, has invited expressions of interest in developing innovative solutions that will help build a national digital health ecosystem.
Key Demand of the question: To write about the potential and limitations of Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by writing about Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission’s aims and objectives.
Body:
First, write about the various features of Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission – seamless online platform, information and infrastructure services, interoperable, longitudinal health records of citizens and health ID for every citizen etc.
Next, write about the potential of Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission – Accessibility, Quality healthcare, Reach, Benefits to hospitals etc.
Next, write about the limitations – privacy and security issues, awareness, role of private players etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to ensure maximisation of potential while minimising the risks.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, Nano-technology, biotechnology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: InstaPedia
Why the question: Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question: To write about important learning from Mangalyaan mission and how findings from mission Mangalyaan will help in achieving our developmental goals.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about Mars Orbiter Mission and its objectives.
Body:
First, in the context of its stated objectives enumerate the learnings and findings from the mission as well as novel technology that was mastered.
Next, write about these will help in our developmental objectives – ’frugal innovations’ benefits, development of cutting-edge technologies, civilian applications of technology etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing further missions can shape not only the stature of India as a space power but as well aid in its developmental
General Studies – 4
Topic: Case Study.
Rameshwar successfully cleared the prestigious civil services examination and was excited about the opportunity that he would get through the civil services to serve the country. However, soon after joining the services, he realized that things are not as rosy as he had imagined. He found a number of malpractices prevailing in the department assigned to him. For example, funds under various schemes and grants were being misappropriated. The official facilities were frequently being used for personal needs by the officers and staff. After some time, he noticed that the process of recruiting the staff was also not up to the mark. Prospective candidates were required to write an examination in which a lot of cheating was going on. Some candidates were provided external help in the examination. Rameshwar brought these incidents to the notice of his seniors. However, he was advised to keep his eyes, ears and mouth shut and ignore all these things which were taking place with the connivance of the higher-ups. Rameshwar felt highly disillusioned and uncomfortable. He comes to you seeking your advice. Indicate various options that you think are available in this situation. How would you help him to evaluate these options and choose the most appropriate path to be adopted? (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Case Study Fridays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Give a brief introduction regarding the facts of the case
Body:
Cite the facts of the case and ethical values involved.
In detail, outline the options that are available to Rameshwar. Evaluate the pros and cons of these options.
Next, select the most appropriate option which is ethically justified as well as addresses the issues in the administration.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stressing on the need to undertake reforms and manage situations even in tough situations.
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