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General Studies – 1
Topic: urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
Nearly a quarter of the world’s population is facing a looming water crisis, with a very real prospect of running out of it. While water covers 70% of the Earth’s surface, with 80% of the available surface and groundwater being used up annually and global demand expected to grow 55% by 2050, the scenario is very real.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about features of Nagara style and Kalinga sub-style.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving statistic regarding usage of groundwater in India and the extent of its depletion.
Body:
First, give the various reasons for the depletion of ground water and measures taken by the government to address it.
Next, write about further measures that are required in order to ensure sustainable and equaitable use of ground water in urban areas.Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To bring out the changing landscape of Indo-Nepal relation in light of recent developments between the two countries and need for rebalancing,
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In brief, give a historical perspective of Indo-Nepal relations.
Body:
Present a timeline that depicts major events between India and Nepal and highlights the controversies around their relations. Elaborate upon the recent boundary issue as well he internal strife being witnessed in Nepal.
Discuss the underlying factors responsible for unchanging perspectives for each other. Bring out their impacts on the relations of the both countries. Discuss ties at different levels between the two – people to people ties, government to government ties, the China factor etc.
Bring out the present picture of the Indo-Nepal ties.
Conclusion:
Mention a way forward to recalibrate the ties and ensure mutual prosperity between the two countries.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Major crops-cropping patterns in various parts of the country, – different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Times of India
Why the question:
India needs to develop a sustainable and resilient agriculture framework to balance food & fuel security and achieve environmental sustainability. Budget 2022-23 has highlighted a slew of new green projects in the energy and transportation sectors. However, it continues to be skewed towards the traditional strategy in the agriculture sector as it primarily focuses on food and fertiliser subsidies and grants.
Key Demand of the question:
To bring out the interlinkage between climate change, farming , poverty alleviation and food security in India and the role climate smart agriculture can play in this regard.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by describing the vagaries of agriculture brought about by climate change such as higher ambient temperatures, less predictable rains, frequent droughts and cyclones.
Body:
First, write about the major features of climate smart agriculture and benefits offered by climate smart agriculture – increase sustainable productivity, strengthen farmers’ resilience, reduce agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration.
Next, write about scope of climate smart agriculture pan India with examples – organic farming in Sikkim, climate smart agriculture in Odisha, zero budget natural farming etc. mention Various government initiatives to promote climate smart agriculture.
Next, mention the limitations associated with by climate smart agriculture and ways to overcome it.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the limiting factors in the growth of nuclear energy.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding the development of nuclear energy in India.
Body:
First, mention about the huge potential for growth, emission-free nature and consistent nature of nuclear energy production in contrast with wind and solar energy.
Next, evaluate the various factors for a running nuclear power plant such as land requirement, man power, financing, fuel enrichment and manufacturing needs etc.
Next, highlight the delays in rolling out the second stage of the nuclear fuel program. Technological problems arising in the process of commissioning the Pressurized Fast Breeder Reactor and the associated time and cost overruns.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
Topic: Disaster and disaster management.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: New Indian Express
Why the question:
As search and rescue efforts increased with the arrival of equipment, the death toll has risen to at least 56, with 28 others missing, after a summer tropical depression that unleashed days of pounding rain caused landslides and floods in the central and southern Philippines, officials said Wednesday. The latest reports put the death toll at over 60.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various difficulties in landslide mitigation and steps to overcome it.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by defining a landslide.
Body:
First, Mention the natural factors behind the causes of landslides in India with a few examples. Mention the areas which are most prone to landslides. Draw a small illustrative map showing the same.
Next, write about the various difficulties in landslide mitigation – lack of data, poor predictability, lack of awareness, faulty evacuation strategies in landslide-prone areas etc.
Next, suggest measures to overcome the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics – in private and public relationships.
Difficulty level: Tough
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key demand of the question:
To write about ethics and importance of core values in a ever changing environment.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by defining ethics.
Body:
Explain in detail the importance of core values system in changing and turbulent times – how integrity and core values help a person stay on the right path despite changing standards. Substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stressing on the importance of core value system.
Topic: Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance;
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about taking an empathetic approach towards helping drug addicts recover from drug addiction.
Directive:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by stating that concept of retribution and deterrence approach to counter drug menace has not been fruitful and has only led to the drug networks remaining underground.
Body:
First mention that the harsh approach has created a lot of stigma and lack of intent to approach medical institutions people addicted to drugs. Many a times being unaware and unguided, leads to overdoses and death.
Next, state the need for a humane and persuasive approach to deaddiction on lines of Portugal model. This would lead to a number of people voluntarily accessing the public health care facilities for drug related concerns.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stating that human rights and public health must be centre of the discourse rather than punishing the victims of drug addiction.
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