[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 05 April 2022 ) REVISION THROUGH MCQS – INSIGHTSIAS

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Original constitution did not contain any provisions related to Fundamental Duties (FD).
• This section was added through 42nd amendment act to the constitution of India based on the recommendations of Swaran Singh Committee. In 2002, another Fundamental duty was added to this list.
• Article 51A (k): who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/05/fundamental-duties-must-be-enforced-says-plea-in-supreme-court-2/

Ans: (c)

Explanation: Geneva Conventions:

• The meaning of war crimes was clarified in the four 1949 Geneva Conventions.
• Article 147 of the Fourth Geneva Convention defines war crimes as “wilful killing, torture or inhuman treatment, including wilfully causing great suffering or serious injury to body or health, unlawful deportation or transfer or unlawful confinement of a protected person taking of hostages and extensive destruction and appropriation of property, not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly”.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/05/war-crime/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The quadrilateral security dialogue includes Japan, India, United States and Australia.
• All four nations find a common ground of being the democratic nations and common interests of unhindered maritime trade and security.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/05/quad/

Ans: (a)

Explanation: About the Antarctic Treaty:

• Signed between 12 countries in Washington on 1st December 1959 for making the Antarctic Continent a demilitarized zone to be preserved for scientific research only.
• The twelve original signatories are Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the UK and the US.
• The treaty entered into force in 1961 and currently has 54 parties.
• Headquarters: Buenos Aires, Argentina.
• For the purposes of the treaty system, Antarctica is defined as all of the land and ice shelves south of 60°S latitude.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/05/indian-antarctic-bill-2022/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• NCPCR was set up in March 2007 under the Commissions for Protection of Child Rights (CPCR) Act, 2005, an Act of Parliament (December 2005).
• The Commission began operational on 5 March 2007.
• NCPCR is a statutory body under the administrative control of the Ministry of Women & Child Development, Government of India.
• Composition of NCPCR:
  • This commission has a chairperson and six members.
  • Of which at least two should be women.
  • These are appointed by Central Government for three years.
  • The maximum age to serve in commission is 65 years for Chairman and 60 years for members.

Refer: Facts for Prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2022/04/05/mission-2022-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-05-april-2022/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Kalamkari painting is a type of Indian folk textile art that involves free hand drawing and painting or printing on cloth, mostly cotton. Derived from the Persian language meaning ‘drawing or crafting with pen’, Kalamkari is an ancient form of painting that developed in India over a period of 3,000 years.
• Kalahasti and Machilipatnam in Andhra Pradesh, the nerve centres of this art continue to be beehives of Kalamkari activity.

Source: http://lepakshihandicrafts.gov.in/kalamkaripaintings.html

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• About Statement 1: Slowing economic growth rates may result in lower tax collection. But whether the fall in tax collection is proportionate to the fall in GDP cannot be known without knowing the on-ground statistics. It depends on the structural characteristics of the economy. So, slowing economic growth rates does not necessarily mean decrease in tax-GDP ratio.
• Statement 2: Change in collection of taxes with the change in GDP shows the tax buoyancy. Tax buoyancy can be affected by a number of reasons including tax evasion, tax avoidance, less efficient methods of tax collection etc. These are the short-term reasons which affect the tax collection. Long term reasons are structural reasons. Distribution of income is one such factor. Generally, less/greater equitable distribution of national income happens over a long period of time. If the distribution of national income is not equitable, it may mean a perennial LOW TAX-GDP ratio, but not a DECREASE in TAX-GDP ratio over the years. A decrease in tax-GDP ratio is a short-term phenomenon. It happens for reasons mentioned above.

Refer: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/tax-to-gdp-ratio.asp