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General Studies – 1
Topic: Role of women and women’s organization,
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
India’s maternal mortality ratio (MMR) has improved to 103 in 2017-19, from 113 in 2016-18. This is according to the special bulletin on MMR released by the Registrar General of India.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the reasons for declining MMR trends in India and need to continue focussing of states with high mortality rate.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving statistic regarding declining MMR in India and show that certain states have higher rate than the rest.
Body:
Frist, write about the factors that have contributed to the declining trends in MMR – LaQshya, Poshan Abhiyan, Janani Suraksha Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan, Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana. The implementation of the Aspirational District Programme and inter-sectoral action has helped to reach the most marginalized and vulnerable population. Recently launched Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan Initiative (SUMAN) especially focuses on zero preventable maternal and new-born deaths.
Next, write about the measures that are needed to reduce mortality rates in low performing states.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
Difficulty level: Tough.
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Forty-nine of the 50 Republicans in the US Senate have announced they will not back a new nuclear deal between Iran and world powers, underscoring their party’s opposition to attempts to revive a 2015 accord amid fears multilateral nuclear talks might collapse.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various reasons for reviving JCPOA
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving a brief about JCPOA and its 2015 agreement.
Body:
Frist, write about how JCPOA plays a part in preventing nuclear proliferation and nuclear risk.
Next, write about the role JCPOA in ensuring geopolitical security and stability in west Asia – formalisation of relations, de-escalation of conflicts between Iran and major powers.
Next, write about how JCPOA plays a part in global economic considerations – rising demand for oil and gas, supply chains, trade relations etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward as to how JCPOA can be revived.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on Monday allowed microfinance institutions the freedom to set interest rates they charge borrowers, with a caveat that the rates should not be usurious.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of microfinance in inclusive growth and development.
Directive word:
Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining micro-finance and give context with respect to growth of micro-finance in India.
Body:
First, with examples, write about the role of micro finance in poverty reduction, empowerment of women, assisting vulnerable groups, and improving standards of living – financial inclusion, credit provision, financial services in unbanked areas, growth of NBFC’s, financial sustainability of the MSME sector and promoting women entrepreneurship etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the scope of Micro finance in inclusive growth.
Topic: Government Budgeting.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the weaknesses in the budgetary system and measures to overcome them.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining budget and major objectives of budgeting.
Body:
First, elaborate up on how budget provide framework of achieving annual objectives.
Next, write about the weaknesses in the budgetary system and its implementation – budget estimates, Skewed expenditure pattern, Poor planning and lack of long-term perspective etc.
Next, suggest measures to overcome the above weaknesses in order to ensure that budgetary objectives are achieved.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the growth of MSME sector in the budget and potential of ECLGS in ensuring capital for MSME’s.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning the scope of MSME sector in India.
Body:
First, enumerate the provisions for the MSME sector in India in the recent budget.
Next, write about the Emergency Credit Line Guarantee Scheme (ECLGS), its aims and objectives, its features. Write about the advantages of the scheme in ensuring availability of additional working capital for MSME’s. Also, mention the limitations of the scheme.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to overcome the above-mentioned limitations.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Disaster and disaster management.
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Prone to frequent natural disasters, Jammu and Kashmir is working on a dynamic real-time online system to raise alerts and coalesce data, including data from the India Meteorological Department, for prompt analysis and liner–form actions to mitigate the impact of any disaster.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of early warning systems in disaster management.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining early warning systems as part of disaster management with an example.
Body:
Frist, mention the various types of early warning systems for varied disasters.
Next, write about the role of early warning systems in preventing loss of life during a disaster – evacuation, information, rehabilitation etc.
Next, write about the role of early warning systems in as reducing the economic impact of natural hazards – better planning, coordination etc. Mention the recommendations of Sendai framework in this regard.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to include early warning systems as an important part of disaster response.
Topic: ethical issues in international relations and funding;
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To explain environmental ethics and how it has become an important dimension of ethics in the twenty first century.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by describing the ethical issues in international relations.
Body:
Write about as to how ethics in international relations remain a theory as they are seldom implemented in practice. Substantiate with examples.
Next, write about how pluralism, responsibility and fairness can make a difference in transforming ethic in international relations. Link these to recent happenings across the world.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning the need of uphold ethics in international relations.
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