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General Studies – 1
Topic: Role of women and women’s organization
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The Government has listed its proposal to raise the age of marriage for women to 21 for legislative business in Parliament in the coming week. The move comes within days of the Union Cabinet approving the proposal which is based on the recommendations of a task force constituted last year.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about pros and cons raising the age of marriage for girls.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, in detail, mention the various pros of raising marriage age by for girls – impact on reproductive health, education, tackling social evils, reducing burden on family, empowerment. Substantiate with statistic and examples.
Next, mention how this maybe not be successful without social support – evidences of child marriage, further solidifying patriarchy, affect autonomy of girls etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Social empowerment,
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Vice-President M. Venkaiah Naidu on Sunday urged all stakeholders, including the private sector, to supplement the government’s efforts in the field of adult education and skills training. Stressing the need to make every adult literate, he called for focus on digital and financial literacy among the people.
Key Demand of the question:
To Discuss in detail socio-religious observations made by Fa-hien.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing that India has the largest number of illiterates in the world.
Body:
First, write in detail about various social impacts of illiteracy – poverty, rise in crimes, fundamentalism, wastage of demographic dividend etc.
Next, write about how technology can act as bridge for improving learning outcomes. Cite examples to substantiate. Mention various government measures to promote literacy.
Next, write limitations of technology – access, digital divide, infrastructure etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The Sri Lankan Navy on December 19 seized eight Indian fishing vessels and arrested 55 fishermen on the charge of poaching.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the Palk bay conflict, its impact on Indo-Lankan relations and suggest measures to resolve it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the providing context in brief, about the Palk bay conflict between India and Sri Lanka.
Body:
In the first part, give context, causes and various facets to the conflict – island of Katchatheevu, frequent poaching by Indian fisherman in Sri Lankan waters, and the damaging economic and environmental effects of trawling. Bring out the impact the issue has on Indo-Lankan relations.
In the next part, mention various steps taken to address this issues which have not been fruitful in resolving the issue – setting up of Joint Working Group (JWG).
Suggest steps in which the issue can be resolved peacefully and amicably. Replacing trawlers with deep sea fishing vessels, ban on unsustainable fishing, joint patrolling, orderly sharing of and sustainable use of resources by fishermen from both sides and de-politicization of the issue etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
After two years of deliberation, the Parliamentary Joint Committee on the Personal Data Protection Bill, 2019 (JPC) tabled its report this week. The recommendations are appended with a redrafted version of the law, named the “Data Protection Bill, 2021”
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving the aims and objectives of the Data Protection Bill, 2021.
Body:
In the first part, mention the various features of Data Protection Bill, 2021
Next, bring out the positives of the bill.
Next, write about limitation of the bill in ensuring privacy of the citizens – surveillance reform, exempted departments, constitution and composition of Data Protection Authority etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a way forward to address the above issues.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: Environment by Shankar
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To evaluate India’s performance with respect to its Paris Agreement targets and suggest steps to improve it.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about India’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) with respect to Paris Climate Deal.
Body:
In the first part, form a detailed analysis as to India’s performance with respect to its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC). Mention the steps in terms of policies, laws, rules and orders that have been taken in this regard. Compare its performance to other major powers. Write about the shortcomings of the same.
Next, suggest further policy changes on part of the government as well as mass behavioural changes on part of the citizens that are needed further so that India not only achieves its targets but goes very much beyond it.
Conclusion:
Summarise the need to think and act logically and ecologically to mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Easy.
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To suggest ways for India to achieve net zero emissions by 2070.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding India’s announcement at cop-26 at Glasgow.
Body:
First, mention the various steps that have already been taken in this regard to cut down emissions.
Next, part suggest innovative measures that India can take to cut down emissions – mainstreaming solar, harnessing nuclear energy, moving towards EV, bio fuels, carbon capture and storage etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way froward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and the world to the concepts of morality;
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how the ideas and ideal of the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr still have an impact in India and across the world.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you have to debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You have to give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Write a brief intro about Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Body:
In the body write in detail about the Civil Rights Movements of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr and the influence of Mahatma Gandhi on him.
Mention about how the ideals of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr are still relevant in the todays worlds especially in the backdrop of black lives matter movement of America, the rights issue acorss the world such as women rights, minority rights, LGBTQI+ rights etc.
In India, write on the growing issues of Dalit, tribal and minority communities and how the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr advocating equitable rights applies to them.
Conclusion:
Summarize the overall legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
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