[MISSION 2022] INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 14 December 2021 ) REVISION THROUGH MCQS – INSIGHTSIAS

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• In 1922, Indian revolutionary Alluri Sitaram Raju led the Rampa Rebellion against the British raj for their imposition of the 1882 Madras Forest Act, which severely restricted the free movement of the tribal community within their own forests.
• Under the implications of this Act, the community was unable to fully carry out the traditional Podu agricultural system, which involved shifting cultivation.
• The armed struggle came to a violent end in 1924, when Raju was captured by police forces, tied to a tree, and shot by a firing squad. His heroics resulted in him being titled manyam veerudu, or ‘the hero of the jungle’.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/14/alluri-sitaram-raju-and-the-rampa-rebellion/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Eligibility to become a Supreme Court judge:
  • The norms relating to the eligibility has been envisaged in the Article 124 of the Indian Constitution.
  • To become a judge of the Supreme court, an individual should be an Indian citizen.
  • In terms of age, a person should not exceed 65 years of age.
  • The person should serve as a judge of one high court or more (continuously), for at least five years or the person should be an advocate in the High court for at least 10 years or a distinguished jurist.
• Collegium System:
  • It is the system of appointment and transfer of judges that has evolved through judgments of the SC, and not by an Act of Parliament or by a provision of the Constitution.
    • The SC collegium is headed by the CJI and comprises four other senior most judges of the court.
    • A HC collegium is led by its Chief Justice and four other senior most judges of that court.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/14/collegium-system/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Parliamentary Privileges are certain rights and immunities enjoyed by members of Parliament, individually and collectively,so that they can “effectively discharge their functions”.
• The Speaker/RS chairpersonis the first level of scrutiny of a privilege motion.
• The Constitution also extends the parliamentary privileges to those persons who are entitled to speak and take part in the proceedings of a House of Parliament or any of its committees. These include the Attorney General of India.
• The parliamentary privileges do not extend to the President who is also an integral part of the Parliament. Article 361 of the Constitution provides for privileges for the President.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/14/privilege-motion/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Parliamentary privileges are certain rights and immunities enjoyed by members of Parliament, individually and collectively, so that they can “effectively discharge their functions”. When any of these rights and immunities are disregarded, the offence is called a breach of privilege and is punishable under law of Parliament.
• A notice is moved in the form of a motion by any member of either House against those being held guilty of breach of privilege. Each House also claims the right to punish as contempt actions which, while not breach of any specific privilege, are offences against its authority and dignity.
• The Speaker/RS chairperson is the first level of scrutiny of a privilege motion. The Speaker/Chair can decide on the privilege motion himself or herself or refer it to the privileges committee of Parliament.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/14/privilege-motion/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea Treaty, is an international agreement that establishes a legal framework for all marine and maritime activities. As of June 2016, 167 countries and the European Union are parties.
• The Convention resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place between 1973 and 1982. UNCLOS replaced the four treaties of the 1958 Convention on the High Seas. UNCLOS came into force in 1994, a year after Guyana became the 60th nation to ratify the treaty.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/14/unclos-united-nations-convention-on-the-law-of-the-sea-2/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a sea zone prescribed by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea over which a state has special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind. It stretches from the baseline out to 200 nautical miles (nmi) from its coast. In the exclusive economic zone, the coastal State shall have the exclusive right to construct and to authorize and regulate the construction, operation and use of:
• (a) artificial islands;
• (b) installations and structures for the purposes provided for in article 56 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and other economic purposes;
• (c) installations and structures which may interfere with the exercise of the rights of the coastal State in the zone.
• The coastal State shall have exclusive jurisdiction over such artificial islands, installations and structures, including jurisdiction with regard to customs, fiscal, health, safety and immigration laws and regulations.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/14/unclos-united-nations-convention-on-the-law-of-the-sea-2/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: What is inflation targeting?
  • It is a central banking policy that revolves around adjusting monetary policy to achieve a specified annual rate of inflation.
  • The principle of inflation targeting is based on the belief that long-term economic growth is best achieved by maintaining price stability, and price stability is achieved by controlling inflation.
• S2: The amended RBI Act provides for the inflation target to be set by the Government of India, in consultation with the Reserve Bank, once every five years.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/14/inflation-targeting-3/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Inflation can be controlled by increasing the supplies of goods and services and reducing money incomes in order to control aggregate demand.
• Fiscal measures to control inflation:
  • The government should reduce unnecessary expenditure on non-development activities in order to curb inflation. (Statement 2)
  • To cut personal consumption expenditure, the rates of personal, corporate and commodity taxes should be raised (Statement 1)
  • Some protectionist measures (such as banning the export of essential items such as pulses, cereals and oils to support the domestic consumption, encourage imports by lowering duties on import items etc.). (Statement 3)

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/12/14/inflation-targeting-3/