[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2022: INSIGHTS STATIC QUIZ, 06 December 2021 – Environment – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: c)

Ecotone is a zone of junction between two or more diverse ecosystems. For e.g. the mangrove forests represent an ecotone between marine and terrestrial ecosystem. It may be very narrow or quite wide, but not larger than a biome which is a much larger entity. Well-developed ecotones contain some organisms which are entirely different from that of the adjoining communities.

Solution: d)

The energy required for the life within the biosphere usually comes from the sun. But Chemosynthetic bacteria are organisms that use inorganic molecules as a source of energy and convert them into organic substances. They do not need sunlight for their survival.

Chemosynthetic bacteria, unlike plants, obtain their energy from the oxidation of inorganic molecules, rather than photosynthesis. Chemosynthetic bacteria use inorganic molecules, such as ammonia, molecular hydrogen, sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and ferrous iron to produce the organic compounds needed for their subsistence.

Most chemosynthetic bacteria live in environments where sunlight is unable to penetrate and which are considered inhospitable to most known organisms.

Solution: d)

When you study the composition of living organisms, carbon constitutes 49 per cent of dry weight of organisms and is next only to water. If we look at the total quantity of global carbon, we find that 71 per cent carbon is found dissolved in oceans. This oceanic reservoir regulates the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Solution: b)

Since each higher trophic level receives only a fraction of energy of the lower trophic levels, the energy pyramid is narrow at the top.

But, generally (barring some aquatic ecosystems) lower trophic levels have higher biomass as compared to the higher trophic levels.

Solution: b)