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General Studies – 1
Topic: Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write major geological events of the past that impacted the peninsular drainage system and explain how these events affected the drainage system as in the characteristic features of Peninsular Drainage system.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Give a brief overview of peninsular drainage system.
Body:
First, List the major geological factors that impacted peninsular drainage system – Geologists believe that the Sahyadri-Aravali axis was the main water divide in the past; The western part of the Peninsula cracked and submerged in the Arabian Sea during the early Tertiary period ; upheaval of Himalayas; slight tilting of peninsular block from NW to SE direction.
Next, Discuss the impact that these events causes which manifest themselves in characteristic features of peninsular river system such as – one drainage was towards east flowing into Bay of Bengal and the other towards west draining into Arabian Sea; During the collision of the Indian plate, the Peninsular block was subjected to subsidence in few regions creating a series of rifts (trough, faults) through which these rivers flow, Straight coastline, steep western slope of the Western Ghats, and the absence of delta formations etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing about the importance of Peninsular drainage for India.
Topic: geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To analyse in detail the pros and cons of the river interlinking projects in the country.
Directive:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by mentioning about aims of interlinking rivers in India.
Body:
First According to some, this is an engineered panacea that will reduce persistent floods in some parts and water shortages in other parts besides facilitating the generation of hydroelectricity for an increasingly power-hungry country.
Next, Discuss in brief the history of interlinking projects in India. Then explain the positives of such a policy.
Next, Discuss the demerits – financial viability, physical viability, will adversely affect land, forests, biodiversity, rivers and the livelihood of millions of people etc.
Discuss examples of successes and failures and suggest what should be done.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a fair and balanced opinion.
Topic: poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The Tamil Nadu government released its first-ever draft “Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy” for public comment. The draft policy aims to “ensure that slum dwellers are treated fairly and humanely when they are resettled from objectionable lands
Key Demand of the question:
To write about having a relook at urban poor with a new perspective of urban policies, urban planning and institutional frameworks
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving statistic about the numbers of urban poor in India
Body:
First, mention the various causes of poverty in Urban areas and how it is much more severe than the rural areas.
Next, write about the policy measures aimed at the Urban poor in India and there limitations.
Next, write about how proper urban planning and policies can help India achieve ameliorate urban poverty – inclusive neighbourhoods, better livelihoods and job opportunities etc.
Next, write about institutional framework to help urban poor – social security, food and nutritional security and rehabilitation and resettlement, Housing etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora.
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
As much as the virtual summit meeting between Presidents Joe Biden and Xi Jinping, spotlighted multiple points of continuing strategic dissonance between the U.S. and China, it equally appeared to underscore in their minds the need for them to find common ground on contentious issues including trade and tensions surrounding Taiwan and the South China Sea.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the need of U.S find common ground on global challenges and India’s role on making it happening.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of recent tumultuous relationship about U.S and China.
Body:
First. Mention the various bilateral tensions between the two countries – trade, regional tensions, formation of QUAD, AUKUS etc.
Next, mention the need to find common ground to ensure proper response to global challenges like – climate change, pandemic, supply chain logistics etc.
Next, write about the proactive role India can play and nudge both countries.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage
Difficulty level: Easy.
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
Price controls and bureaucratic delays in scheme enrolment, field reviews and the reimbursement of subsidies, etc, have pushed Micro irrigation industry to the brink of collapse despite its importance
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of micro irrigation, issues in it and measures to overcome the issues.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a statistic about the water scarcity and the crunch that we are facing currently.
Body:
First, explain what micro irrigation is – Slow application of water on localized volume of soil by surface drip, subsurface drip, bubbler, and micro sprinkler systems. Explain its importance for India – allows judicious use of water for a water stressed country like India. It also helps to save fertilizer consumption per unit of land etc.
Next, discuss the various issues present in micro irrigation industry in India – Price controls and bureaucratic delays in scheme enrolment, field reviews and the reimbursement of subsidies.
Suggest measures to overcome the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Security challenges and their management in border areas – linkages of organized crime with terrorism.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The attack on Assam Rifles in Manipur shows precarity of peace at Indo-Myanmar border.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the challenges of border management and the strategies India has employed to tackle such challenges.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by highlighting that India shares borders with several countries, a few of those countries don’t share good relations with India making the task of border management challenging.
Body:
First, Discuss the challenges with respect to border security – non-demarcated boundaries with overlapping, Unilateral actions by some nations to change the status quo in their favour, Misuse of borders (especially porous open borders) for smuggling, illegal migration, etc, Little or no support from counterparts of neighbouring nations and in some cases active support by cross border elements to illegal activities etc.
Mention the various steps taken by India to address these issues and for effective management of its borders.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the need of effective border management strategy.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Case Study
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Case Study Fridays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Mention the deep entrenchment on the illegal practice of dowry.
Body:
- Write about various steps aimed and eradication and why dowry is still so deeply entrenched in our society.
- Mention the way to tackle dowry by further empowering women, creating awareness, holding guilty party accountable and increasing the rate of conviction.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the need to rid our society of dowry.
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