[MISSION 2022] SECURE 2022 : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 16 November 2021 – INSIGHTSIAS

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.

1. Explain the various sub-divisions of Himalayan mountains and their significance. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the various sub-divisions of Himalayan mountains and their significance.

Directive:

Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving brief about the Himalayan mountains.

Body:

Write the major sub division, their important features and their significance – Kashmir or North-western Himalayas, Himachal and Uttarakhand Himalayas, Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas, Arunachal Himalayas and Eastern Hills and Mountains.

Conclusion:

Conclude by stressing on the overall importance of Himalayas.

 

Topic: Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent)

2. Proper ecosystem management across the world’s mountain areas will meet demands of nature and communities to address global changes and enhance ecosystem and human well-being. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about integrated approach to mountain ecosystem development to address challenges and secure livelihood of people residing there.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start the answer by stating that mountains cover 24% of the Earth’s land surface. They are home to 12% of the world’s population and another 14% of the population reside in their immediate proximity.

Body:

First, mention the major services provided by the mountain ecosystem – freshwater, biological and cultural diversity, traditional ecological knowledge, tourism and influence the climate at many scales.

Next, write about threats to mountain ecosystems are particularly fragile, subject to both natural and anthropogenic drivers of change. These range from volcanic and seismic events and flooding to global climate change and the loss of vegetation and soils because of inappropriate agricultural and forestry practices, and extractive industries.

Next write about management is not only important for mountain communities, but also for a sizeable proportion of the global population and steps needed in this regard.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Role of civil services in a democracy.

3. In regards to civils services, what is the doctrine of pleasure? Does the recent amendment extending tenures of several heads of departments further enhances the doctrine? Critically Examine.  (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

A day after promulgating two ordinances that would allow the Centre to extend the tenures of the Directors of the CBI and the Enforcement Directorate from two years to up to five years, the Personnel Ministry issued an order to amend the Fundamental Rules, 1922 adding the two posts to the list whose services can be extended by up to two years beyond the two-year fixed tenure in “public interest”.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about doctrine of pleasure and to examine if the recent amendments further enhance the doctrine.

Directive word: 

Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by defining doctrine of pleasure.

Body:

In the first part, write about the two ordinances that would allow the Centre to extend the tenures of the Directors of the CBI and the Enforcement Directorate from two years to up to five years. Mention the further scope of increment in public interest by to years.

Next, discuss how this further enhances the doctrine of pleasure – neutrality, independence, expectation of favour. Also mention as to how it is in contravention to Vineet Narain vs Union of India case.

Next, mention as to how this amendment may dilute the doctrine and not enhance it.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a wat forward.

 

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora.

4. Despite the recent progress in India–Turkey relations, however, there is still a lack of strategic convergence between the two countries on multiple issues especially in the wake of pan-Turkism. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

Turkey’s influence in Eurasian region is expanding. Delhi’s current political divergence with Ankara only reinforces the case for a sustained dialogue between the two governments and the strategic communities.

Key Demand of the question:

To write India-Turkey relations on strategic convergence in the wake of pan-Turkism and recent changes.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin the answer by giving context with respect to rise of pan-Turkism.

Body:

 In the first part, give the historical context to Indo-Turkish relations -During the Cold War period, Turkey saw its relations with India through the prism of Pakistan, Turkey sided with Pakistan on the Kashmir dispute. However, over a period of time, cooperation was achieved between both countries in various sectors, including defence, space, science and technology.

Next, write about recent changes especially rise of pan-Turkism, Ankara’s stance on the Kashmir issue, which is still pro-Pakistan; its conflicting role in Afghanistan; Turkey’s prioritisation of its relations with China over India and Turkey’s addition to FATF grey list.

Next, write about how Indian diplomacy must be approach Ankara considering Eurasian periphery.

Conclusion:

Conclude with way forward.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.

5. Given its benefits and recent emphasis on cryptocurrencies, India should take rapid strides towards a ‘Digital Rupee’. Comment. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

Key Demand of the question:

To understand the dynamics between Inflation and economic growth and the role of RBI in this.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by explaining the emerging concept of ‘Digital Rupee’ or central bank digital currency (CBDC).

Body:

First, give context about implementation of digital currencies via various governments in different capacities. Also, the recent onslaught of decentralised crypto currency.

Next, write about potential benefits that India can accrue from Digital Rupee. financial inclusion, the cashless society, decrease the cost of printing, expanding the digital economy and empowering citizens etc.

Next, write about potential challenges with regards to CBDC. User adoption, security, threat to traditional banking, complexity, domination by Chinese and Opportunity cost due to RBI’s reluctance etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude with way forward as to how India should step up to CBDC.

 

Topic: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.

6. What do you understand by fifth generation warfare? Elaborate on the measures that are needed to be put in place to tackle this form of warfare by adversarial nations. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: New Indian Express

Why the question:

An interesting debate has emerged on whether conventional conflict remains a significant part of India’s security or if hybrid threat scenarios will dominate in the future

Key Demand of the question:

To write about to 5th generation warfare and measures that are needed to combat it.

Directive word: 

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining 5th generation warfare.

Body:

First, write the evolution of warfare and elaborate upon the features of 5th generation warfare and how different it is from conventional warfare.

Next, mention the vulnerabilities of India to 5th generation warfare. Write about the steps that are needed to placed – tackling information war, identifying vulnerable areas, creating awareness, proactively taking action against hostile elements etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward

 


General Studies – 4


 

Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of Family society and educational institutions in inculcating values.

7. Whether values are sacred, have intrinsic worth, or are a means to an end, values vary among individuals and across cultures and time. Discuss. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: A Practical Approach to Ethics Integrity and Aptitude by D.K Balaji.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Directive:

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start by defining values and its respect to moral relativism.

Body:

Write about various sources of values and how they develop in a persons life. Write about irrespective of the origin of the value, they vary across time and space. Use examples to justify your points.

Also, mention that some values maybe universal and use examples for that.

Conclusion:

Summarise by highlighting the importance of values.


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