[MISSION 2022] SECURE 2022 : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 18 October 2021 – INSIGHTSIAS

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.

1. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was a reformer, educationist and a moderniser within the Muslim community in the late nineteenth century. Discuss. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, an iconic social reformer and founder of the Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), which has completed 100 years, was born on October 17, 1817.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the reformist contributions of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan to modern India.

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Write about how the Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was torch bearer of reforms of late 19th century among the Muslim community.

Body:

In the first part, write in detail about the contributions to Modern Education and step taken by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in this regard.

Next, enumerate the steps taken by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan to work towards Hindu-Muslim Unity.

Conclusion:

Conclude by mentioning the impact of the above measures taken by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan.

 

Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.

2. What is weathering? What are the various types of weathering? Explain the various factors that affect the weathering process. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write in detail about the geomorphological process of weathering.

Directive word: 

Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Start the answer by defining weathering.

Body:

In the first part, Types of weathering – chemical, biological, mechanical in detail and the process in which it happens.

Next, factors Influencing Weathering Processes – climate, rock type, slope orientation, vegetation etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude the answers by mentioning the significance of the weathering process.

 

Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.

3. Identify types of mass movements and how they occur? Evaluate the contributing factors to landslides in India. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: NCERT – fundamentals of physical Geography for Class 11

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2022 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about mass movements and the process of their occurrence. To write about the factors that cause landslides in India.

Directive word: 

Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence.  You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin the answer by defining mass movement.

Body:

In the first part, enumerate the various types of mass movements – soil creep, Solifluction, slumping or sliding. In brief, write about the process which causes their occurrence.

Next, write about Landslides in India – risk factors, most prone areas, geomorphological climatic factors, anthropogenic factors, etc. Bring out its impact.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward to deal with landslides.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation

4. Analyse the need for a Non-Personal Data Governance Framework in order to harness useful data for public good. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Live Mint

Why the question: 

In December 2020, a Committee of Experts (CoE)) appointed by the Indian government to deliberate on data governance released its report on Non-Personal Data Governance Framework (NPD Framework).

Key Demand of the question: 

To mention the features and also the lacunae of the NPD Framework.

Directive word: 

Critically analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

With increased digitalisation, managing the growing complexities arising from the collection, control and movement of data across borders has become a prime concern for governments.

Body:

First, give an account of various entities defined under the framework such as Non Personal Data, Data Custodians, Data Businesses, Data Trustees and Non Personal Data Authority.

Next, mention the broad features of the framework and then highlight the lacunae in the scheme such as the very definition of NPD, failure to address the fine balance between Innovation and Competitiveness of the Data Businesses, as the framework suggests to make the meta-data public, etc.

Conclusion:

Conclude by giving some suggestive measures for a more robust framework based on the committee report.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.

5. Climate smart farming in India is the only pathway to poverty alleviation, food security, and climate adaptation and mitigation. Comment. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Live Mint

Why the question:

Embracing sustainable agriculture is seemingly the only way to improve farm incomes and nutrition security in a climate-changing world.

Key Demand of the question: 

To bring out the interlinkage between climate change, farming , poverty alleviation and food security in India.

Directive word:

Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by describing the vagaries of agriculture brought about by climate change such as higher ambient temperatures, less predictable rains, frequent droughts and cyclones.

Body:

Mention about the Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW) report that identified 16 sustainable agriculture practices (SAPs), that have improved farmers’ net income by reducing inputs costs and increasing crop diversification and also raised annual farm output. Government to support Outcome-based support for nutrition output of cultivation rather than input-based subsidies for fertilizers and power.

Conclusion:

Conclude by stating that climate smart farming definitely has an effect on poverty alleviation and food security of the nation.

 

Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.

6. Due to our high dependence on fossil fuels, it is high time for India to relook into its energy policies and shift greater focus towards nuclear energy. Analyse the potential as well as challenges of mainstreaming nuclear energy as a source of power. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate.

Reference: Live Mint

Why the question:

The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) has published a report with inputs from the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) India. Titled, 100% Renewable Energy by 2050, the report examines the possibilities of a near-100 percent renewable energy scenario for India by the middle of the century.

 Key Demand of the question: 

To discuss the various dimensions of Nuclear energy as a source of energy support in a regular manner.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by mentioning the India’s Ambitious Nuclear Power Plan.

Body:

First, mention about the huge potential for growth, emission-free nature and consistent nature of nuclear energy production in contrast with wind and solar energy.

Next, evaluate the various factors for a running nuclear power plant such as land requirement, man power, financing, fuel enrichment and manufacturing needs etc.

Next, highlight the delays in rolling out the second stage of the nuclear fuel program. Technological problems arising in the process of commissioning the Pressurized Fast Breeder Reactor and the associated time and cost overruns.

Conclusion:

Conclude by stating that given the rising energy demand in the country, and India’s huge dependency on import of oil and gas, but also critical raw materials for the production of solar panels, indigenously developed nuclear power plants remain an important pillar of India’s energy independence.

 


General Studies – 1


 

Topic: Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections.

7. Peace begins with tolerance and respect for others. Define tolerance and mention the various ways of countering Intolerance. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: plato.stanford.edu

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.

Key Demand of the question: 

To have a good understanding of Tolerance and various methods to achieve it in the society.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving a holistic definition of Tolerance

Body:

Elaborate on the various factors such as role of critical thinking, Ethical reasoning, laws, education, social conditioning, access to information, Individual awareness etc that play a crucial role in developing the attribute of Tolerance in Individuals.

Conclusion:

Summarise the above points and reiterate that Tolerance is one of the fundamental building block for a cohesive society.


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