[Mission 2022] QUIZ – 2021: INSIGHTS STATIC , 16 August 2021 – History – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: b)

The Paika Rebellion, also called the Paika Bidroha, was an armed rebellion against the British East India Company’s rule in Odisha in 1817.

The Paikas rose in rebellion under their leader Bakshi Jagabandhu and, projecting Jagannath as the symbol of Odia unity, the rebellion quickly spread across most of Odisha before being ruthlessly put down by the company’s forces.

They attacked British symbols of power, setting ablaze police stations, administrative offices and the treasury during their march towards Khurda, from where the British fled.

The extortionist land revenue policy of the company affected the peasants and the zamindars alike. A source of much consternation for the common people was the rise in prices of salt due to taxes imposed on it by the new government. The British authority deprived the zamindars and the local people of coastal region of their traditional rights to manufacture salt.

They were supported by the zamindars, village heads and ordinary peasants.

It is the first war of independence that started in 1817 much before the Sepoy mutiny of 1857.

Solution: c)

The revolt of 1857 did not spread to all parts of the country. Nor was it supported by all groups and sections of the Indian society. South and West India remained largely outside the fold of the revolt. Many Indian rulers refused to help the rebels and some were openly hostile to the rebels and helped the British in suppressing the revolt. The middle and upper classes and the modern educated Indians also did not support the revolt.

Solution: b)

Lytton was viceroy of India between 1876 and 1880. During this time he worked to improve the Indian administration and supervised his government’s much-criticized response to the Great Famine of 1876–78. Lytton was also widely criticized for his assertive, “forward” policy toward Afghanistan, which in the view of his detractors was responsible for provoking the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80).

Solution: d)

Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was established by MG Ranade in 1870 along with Ganesh Vasudeo and others.

In 1875 the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha submitted a petition to the House of Commons demanding direct representation of India in Parliament.

Solution: c)

• Moderates were called so because they adopted peaceful and constitutional means to achieve their demands. Extremists believed in confrontation rather than persuasion.
• The Moderates were able to create a wide national awakening among the people.
• They popularized the ideas of democracy, civil liberties and representative institutions.
• Some Moderates like Ranade and Gokhale favoured social reforms. They protested against child marriage and widowhood.
• The Moderates had succeeded in getting the expansion of the legislative councils by the Indian Councils Act of 1892.