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GS Paper 2
Topics Covered: Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
On July 22, 1947, the National flag of India was adopted in its present form (horizontal rectangular tricolour) during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly, 23 days before India’s Independence, and became the official national flag of the Dominion of India on August 15, 1947.
Evolution of National flag:
- Present flag is based on the Swaraj flag, a flag of the Indian National Congress designed by Pingali Venkayya.
- After undergoing several changes, the Tricolour was adopted as our national flag at a Congress Committee meeting in Karachi in 1931.
Constitutional & Statutory Provisions regarding National Flag of India:
Art 51A(a) – To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
Statutes Governing Use of Flag:
- Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950.
- Prevention of Insults to National Honor Act, 1971.
Rules governing the display of the Tricolour:
The Flag Code of 2002 is divided into three parts:
1-a general description of the tricolour
2-rules for display of the flag by governments and government bodies.
3-rules on display of the flag by public and private bodies and educational institutions.
Notable facts:
- The National Flag of India shall be made of hand spun and hand woven wool/cotton/silk khadi bunting.
- The National Flag shall be rectangular in shape. The ratio of the length to the height (width) of the Flag shall be 3:2.
- The Flag shall not be flown at half-mast except on occasions on which the Flag is flown at half-mast on public buildings in accordance with the instructions issued by the Government.
- The Flag shall not be used as a drapery in any form whatsoever, including private funerals except in State funerals or armed forces or other paramilitary forces funerals”.
- The Flag shall not be used as a portion of costume or uniform of any description nor shall it be embroidered or printed upon cushions, handkerchiefs, napkins or any dress material.
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan narrated significance of National flag as:
- The “Ashoka Chakra” is the wheel of the law of dharma. Chakra intend to show that there is LIFE IN MOVEMENT and death in stagnation.
- The saffron color denotes renunciation of disinterestedness.
- The white in the center is light, the path of truth to guide our conduct.
- The green shows our relation to the soil, our relation to the plant life here, on which all other life depends.
Insta Curious:
Do you know about Flag Satyagraha, the Jhanda Satyagraha? It was held in Jabalpur and Nagpur in 1923. Reference:
InstaLinks:
Prelims Link:
- When was the flag designed by Venkayya officially accepted by the Indian National Congress?
- Adoption of National Flag by the Constituent Assembly.
- Flag Code of India- overview.
- Manufacturer of the national flag in India.
- About Flag Protests in India.
Mains Link:
Discuss the key provisions of Flag Code of India, 2002.
Sources: Indian Express.
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