INSIGHTS CURRENT AFFAIRS ( 23 July 2021) REVISION THROUGH MCQS – INSIGHTSIAS

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: Security of Tenure: Once appointed, the judges cannot be removed from the office except by an order of the President and that too on the ground of proven misbehavior and incapacity (Articles 124 and 217).
• S2: Powers and Jurisdiction of Supreme Court: Parliament can only add to the powers and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court but cannot curtail them.
  • No discussion in the legislature of the state with respect to the conduct of any judge of Supreme Court or of a High Court in the discharge of his duties.
  • The salaries and allowances of the judges are fixed and are not subject to a vote of the legislature.
  • Both the Supreme Court and the High Court have the power to punish any person for their contempt.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/07/23/independence-of-the-judiciary/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• S1: The concept originates from the Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation Act (BEFR),
• S2: After Independence, the Indian government replaced “British subjects” with “Citizen of India”. In 2013, the Home Ministry told Rajya Saha, “The main aim of ILP system is to prevent settlement of other Indian nationals in the States where ILP regime is prevalent, in order to protect the indigenous/tribal population.”
• S3: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Mizoram are protected by the Inner Line, and lately Manipur was added.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/07/23/stay-on-arunachal-order-on-ban-on-work-permits-for-unvaccinated-persons/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) is the statutory authority in charge of the waterways in India. It was constituted under IWAI Act-1985 by parliament of India. Its headquarters is located in Noida, UP.
• S2: Moving a step ahead towards ensuring optimum use of National Waterways, the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) has launched a new portal LADIS – Least Available Depth Information System.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/07/23/inland-vessels-bill-2/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• IT Act, 2000:
  • Under the IT Act, all electronic transmission of data can be intercepted.
  • Apart from the restrictions provided in Section 5(2) of the Telegraph Act and Article 19(2) of the Constitution, Section 69 the IT Act adds another aspect that makes it broader — interception, monitoring and decryption of digital information “for the investigation of an offence”.
  • Significantly, it dispenses with the condition precedent set under the Telegraph Act that requires “the occurrence of public emergency of the interest of public safety” which widens the ambit of powers under the law.
• What does the Telegraph Act say?
  • Basically, the Act deals with interception of calls.
  • Under this law, the government can intercept calls only in certain situations — the interests of the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states or public order, or for preventing incitement to the commission of an offence.
  • These are the same restrictions imposed on free speech under Article 19(2) of the Constitution.
  • The law also states that even this lawful interception cannot take place against journalists except under few circumstances.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/07/23/the-laws-for-surveillance-in-india-and-the-concerns-over-privacy/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: SC Garg Committee recommendations (2019):

• Ban anybody who mines, hold, transact or deal with cryptocurrencies in any form.
• It recommend a jail term of one to 10 years for exchange or trading in digital currency.
• It proposed a monetary penalty of up to three times the loss caused to the exchequer or gains made by the cryptocurrency user whichever is higher.
• However, the panel said that the government should keep an open mind on the potential issuance of cryptocurrencies by the Reserve Bank of India.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/07/23/central-bank-digital-currency-cbdc/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Government is implementing Bhartiya Prakritik Krishi Padhati (BPKP) as a sub scheme of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) since 2020-21 for the promotion of traditional indigenous practices.
• It mainly emphasizes on exclusion of all synthetic chemical inputs and promotes on-farm biomass recycling with major stress on biomass mulching; use of cow dung-urine formulations; plant-based preparations and time to time working of soil for aeration.
• Under BPKP, financial assistance of Rs 12200/ha for 3 years is provided for cluster formation, capacity building and continuous handholding by trained personnel, certification and residue analysis.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2021/07/23/india-is-party-to-26-bilateral-pacts-to-fight-drug-trafficking/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• S1: refer Article 124 and Article 217 of the Constitution of India link1 & link2.
• S2: Originally, the other number of judges were ‘seven’ excluding the Chief Justice of India.
• S3: As per the Constitution of India, judges of the Supreme Court retire at age of 65.

Refer: Chapter-25 “Supreme Court” – Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth