QUIZ – 2020: INSIGHTS STATIC , 5 July 2021 – Geography – INSIGHTSIAS

Solution: a)

The Deccan Plateau is a large triangular plateau, bounded by the Vindhyas to the north and flanked by the Eastern and Western Ghats.

This region is mostly semi-arid as it lies on the leeward side of both Ghats. Much of the Deccan is covered by thorn scrub forest scattered with small regions of deciduous broadleaf forest. Climate in the Deccan ranges from hot summers to mild winters.

Solution: a)

Density of air reduces with altitude, and so it is its ability to transfer the heat that the earth receives from the Sun.

The atmosphere is not directly heated by the Sun, but by the air that is in contact with the earth.

So, thin air reduces the warming potential in the mountains. Temperatures decline with gain in altitude.

For example, Agra and Darjiling are located on the same latitude, but temperature of January in Agra is 16°C whereas it is only 4°C in Darjiling.

Solution: d)

Jet streams typically cover long distances and can be thousands of miles long. They can be discontinuous and often meander across the atmosphere. The meanders in the jet stream flow slower than the rest of the air and are called Rossby Waves. They move slower because they are caused by the Coriolis Effect and turn west in respect to the flow of air they are embedded in.

Coriolis force deflects the wind to the right direction in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.

Coriolis force acting on the fluid water deflecting it like it deflects the wind. This causes rivers to ‘meander’.

Crater is a circular depression in the surface of a planet, moon, or other solid body in the Solar System.

Solution: a)

Fold mountains are created where two or more of Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together. At these colliding, compressing boundaries, rocks and debris are warped and folded into rocky outcrops, hills, mountains, and entire mountain ranges.

Fold mountains are created through a process called orogeny. An orogenic event takes millions of years to create a fold mountain.

Fold mountains are often associated with continental crust. They are created at convergent plate boundaries, sometimes called continental collision zones or compression zones. Convergent plate boundaries are sites of collisions, where tectonic plates crash into each other. Compression describes a set of stresses directed at one point in a rock or rock formation.

Most fold mountains are composed primarily of sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock formed under high pressure and relatively low temperatures.

Fold mountains are the most common type of mountain in the world. The rugged, soaring heights of the Himalayas, Andes, and Alps are all active fold mountains.

Solution: b)

This area receives maximum rainfall from the south west monsoon. As a result, the Meghalaya plateau has a highly eroded surface. Cherrapunji displays a bare rocky surface devoid of any permanent vegetation cover.